Ovarian cancer: origin and factors involved in carcinogenesis with potential use in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Ovarian cancer representing the most lethal gynecologic malignancy escapes from the efforts to manage the disease. We reviewed the current state of the research considering three main concepts on origin of ovarian cancer including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, secondary origin from Müllerian system and cancer stem cell hypothesis. Cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of ovarian cancer are focused particularly on microRNA expression studies revealing huge potential in recent years, although other transcriptomic, proteomic, epigenetic, epidemiologic and immunological factors are touched upon, too.

[Ultrasound-guided intervention in the treatment of abdomino-pelvic advanced tumors].

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and safety of ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy in advanced abdomino-pelvic tumors in a sufficiently large cohort.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Oncogynecological Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Faculty Hospital of Charles University, Prague.

[Inactivation of BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 genes in sporadic ovarian cancer].

Objective: To analyze loss of heterozygosity (LOH), loss of expression and somatic mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 genes in sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer samples.

Design: Original paper.

Setting: Oncogynecologic center, Clinic of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

[Detection of HPV DNA in lymph nodes in early stages cervical cancers].

Objective: Review recent knowledge concerning significance of detection of DNA HPV in regional lymph nodes in cervical cancer patients.

Type Of The Study: Literature review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

[Importance of chromosomal changes correlated to prognostic factors in ovarian and cervical malignant tumors].

Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate genetic changes detected in ovarian and cervical cancer cells, in correlation with other available clinical and histopathological parameters, with impact upon cancer prognosis.

Design: Original article.

Setting: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

Chromosomal rearrangements and their relations to histopathological and clinical parameters in epithelial ovarian cancer.

The aim of the study was to estimate genetic alterations detected in ovarian cancer cells in correlation with other available parameters of histopathological and clinical character and to find important relations with impacts on the cancer prognosis. Additionally, we wanted to compare methods for evaluating genetic changes. Sixty patients with ovarian cancer were included in the study.

Genetic alterations in gynecological malignancies.

The aim of the study was to estimate genetic alterations detected in ovarian and cervical cancer cells, in correlation with other available parameters of a histopathological and clinical character and to find the important associations and differences of both these tumor sites with diverse impacts on the cancer's prognosis. Sixty patients presenting with ovarian cancer and twenty patients manifesting cervical cancer were included in the study. The histological type and grade, MIB-1 and p53 were estimated.

[Contribution of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for operability of cancers of the uterine cervix].

Objective: To compare per-operative and post-operative morbidity in patients undergoing radical surgery for carcinoma of the uterine cervix after administration of a neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and for primarily small cervical tumour.

Type Of The Study: A retrospective case-control study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

[Glandular premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix].

Objective: Review of diagnostical and therapeutical methods in glandular premalignant lesions of the uterine cervix.

Design: Review article.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital, Prague.

[Prognostic factors of ovarian cancer].

Objective: To sum up the knowledge about prognostic factors of ovarian cancer.

Type Of Study: Review article.

Setting: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and General Teaching Hospital Prague.

[Radical parametrectomy in women with invasive cervix cancer after previous simple hysterectomy].

Objective: Evaluate technique, indications and limits of surgical procedure in the treatment of cervical cancer diagnosed from uterus specimen from simple hysterectomy.

Design: Retrospective observational study, review of literature.

Settings: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Medical Faculty and General Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.

[Genetic aspects of malignant epithelial ovarian tumours].

Objective: To sum up the knowledge about genetic aspects of ovarian cancer.

Type Of Study: Review article.

Setting: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and General Teaching Hospital Prague, Prague.

[Possibilities of increased radicality in pelvic exenteration].

Objective: Review of advanced radicality in pelvic exenterations.

Design: Review article.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Faculty Hospital and Ist Medical Faculty of the Charles University, Prague.

[Pelvic exenteration].

Objective: Review of literature concerning pelvic exenterative procedures.

Design: Review article.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charles University, Prague.

[Borderline ovarian tumors--10-year clinical series and literature review].

Objective: Analysis of 10-year clinical series of borderline ovarian tumors (BLT) and literature review.

Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1st Medical Faculty, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital, Prague.

[Prophylactic adnexectomy].

Objective: Analysis of the issue of prophylactic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO): a) during pelvic surgery for benign diagnosis; b) in women with hereditary risk of ovarian cancer.

Design: Review article.

Setting: Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Charles University.

[Hereditary predisposition for the development of breast and ovarian carcinoma].

Part of breast and ovarian cancer cases develops on the hereditary predisposition, i.e. mutation in one of predisposing genes.

[Antiemetics in gynecologic oncology].

Objective: The authors present a survey of available pharmacological possibilities of treatment of nausea and vomiting aimed at their application in oncological therapy of gynecological neoplastic diseases.

Type Of The Study: A review article. NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE INSTITUTION: Gynecological-Obstetrical Clinic, First Medical Faculty, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital, Praha.

[Detection and occurrence of BRCA 1 gene mutation in patients with carcinoma of the breast and ovary].

Objective: The article presents a review of basic information on incidence and detection of BRCA 1 and BRCA 2 genes mutations. Results of investigation in a group of women with ovarian and breast cancer are presented.

Design: Retrospective clinical-laboratory study and review.

[Vulvar carcinoma--retrospective study of 47 cases (epidemiology, etiology and long-term results].

Objective: To evaluate the incidence of vulvar carcinoma, epidemiological signs and therapeutic results in patients with vulvar malignancies during the stated time period.

Design: Retrospective clinical study.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Faculty Hospital, Prague.

[Gynecologic operations in patients after kidney and liver transplantation--case report].

Objective: To give an overview of the complications associated with the post-transplantation period which thus presents an increased risk for subsequent gynecological surgery and also for the postoperative period. To determine the criteria and conditions under which these operations may be performed with relative safety.

Type Of Study: Case report.

[Teratogens during pregnancy].

Objective: To sum up the knowledge of the influence of substances in the external environment on the development of the human embryo/fetus during exposure at various periods of intrauterine life.

Type Of Study: Summary.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague.

[Granulosa cell tumor--clinical group and literature review].

Objective: To present a review of literature and to analyse a clinical retrospective series of patients with granulosa cell tumor.

Design: Retrospective study and review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.