Plant necrotrophic bacterial disease resistance phenotypes, QTL, and metabolites identified through integrated genetic mapping and metabolomics in species.

Most food crops are susceptible to necrotrophic bacteria that cause rotting and wilting diseases in fleshy organs and foods. All varieties of cultivated potato ( L.) are susceptible to diseases caused by species, but resistance has been demonstrated in wild potato relatives including .

Protease Inhibitors from Inhibit Virulence by Reducing Bacterial Protease Activity and Motility.

Potato is a major staple crop, and necrotrophic bacterial pathogens such as spp. are a major threat to global food security. Most lines of cultivated potato () are susceptible to spp.

Do renewable portfolio standards increase renewable energy capacity? Evidence from the United States.

This research evaluates the impacts of the Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) on renewable electricity capacity using annual data spanning 47 states between 1990 and 2014 in the United States. RPS is a state-level policy that requires electricity suppliers to include a certain fraction of renewable electricity in their total electricity sales over a specified time period. Following nuanced identification strategies, generalized difference-in-difference method is used to transform observational data into a quasiexperimental setting to mitigate against potentially inconsistent estimator or selection bias concerns vis-à-vis the adoption of RPS across states.

Ecological adaptations influence the susceptibility of plants in the genus Zantedeschia to soft rot Pectobacterium spp.

Soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium spp. is responsible for severe agricultural losses in potato, vegetables, and ornamentals. The genus Zantedeschia includes two botanical groups of tuberous ornamental flowers that are highly susceptible to the disease.

Host Specificity and Differential Pathogenicity of Strains from Dicot and Monocot Hosts.

Recent phylogenetic studies have transferred certain isolates from monocot plants previously included in the heterogeneous group of (Pc) to a species level termed . The specificity of associated infections had received less attention, and may be of high scientific and economic importance. Here, we have characterized differential responses of isolates from potato (WPP14) and calla lily (PC16) on two typical hosts: var.

Metabolites from Wild Potato Inhibit Virulence Factors of the Soft Rot and Blackleg Pathogen .

Potato ( L.) is the primary vegetable crop consumed worldwide and is largely affected by bacterial pathogens that can cause soft rot and blackleg disease. Recently, resistance to these diseases has been identified in the wild potato , and the mechanism of resistance is unknown.

Direct Binding of Salicylic Acid to -Acyl-Homoserine Lactone Synthase.

Salicylic acid (SA) is a hormone that mediates systemic acquired resistance in plants. We demonstrated that SA can interfere with group behavior and virulence of the soft-rot plant pathogen spp. through quorum sensing (QS) inhibition.

Arabidopsis cysteine-rich trans-membrane module (CYSTM) small proteins play a protective role mainly against heat and UV stresses.

The genomes of Arabidopsis and other plants contain cysteine-rich small protein of unknown function, harbouring a transmembrane module (CYSTM proteins). In this work we show that the transcript of one gene (At1g05340) encoding a CYSTM protein is induced mainly by heat and to a lesser extent by UV, but less by NaCl or sorbitol. A functional analysis of At1g05340 and its paralog At2g32210 using T-DNA insertional mutants revealed a decrease in seedlings root length, and a lower PSII efficiency in mature plant, due to heat stress and to a lesser extent due to UV stress, in comparison to the effect on wild-type plants.

MaMADS2 repression in banana fruits modifies hormone synthesis and signalling pathways prior to climacteric stage.

Background: While the role of ethylene in fruit ripening has been widely studied, the contributions of additional plant hormones are less clear. Here we examined the interactions between the transcription factor MaMADS2-box which plays a major role in banana fruit ripening and hormonal regulation. Specifically, we used MaMADS2 repressed lines in transcriptome and hormonal analyses throughout ripening and assessed hormone and gene expression perturbations as compared to wild-type (WT) control fruit.

Plant phenolic volatiles inhibit quorum sensing in pectobacteria and reduce their virulence by potential binding to ExpI and ExpR proteins.

Quorum sensing (QS) is a population density-dependent regulatory system in bacteria that couples gene expression to cell density through accumulation of diffusible signaling molecules. Pectobacteria are causal agents of soft rot disease in a range of economically important crops. They rely on QS to coordinate their main virulence factor, production of plant cell wall degrading enzymes (PCWDEs).

Expression levels of antimicrobial peptide tachyplesin I in transgenic Ornithogalum lines affect the resistance to Pectobacterium infection.

The genus Ornithogalum includes several ornamental species that suffer substantial losses from bacterial soft rot caused by Pectobacteria. The absence of effective control measures for use against soft rot bacteria led to the initiation of a project in which a small antimicrobial peptide from an Asian horseshoe crab, tachyplesin (tpnI), was introduced into two commercial cultivars: O. dubium and O.

Plant phenolic acids affect the virulence of Pectobacterium aroidearum and P. carotovorum ssp. brasiliense via quorum sensing regulation.

Several studies have reported effects of the plant phenolic acids cinnamic acid (CA) and salicylic acid (SA) on the virulence of soft rot enterobacteria. However, the mechanisms involved in these processes are not yet fully understood. Here, we investigated whether CA and SA interfere with the quorum sensing (QS) system of two Pectobacterium species, P.

Effects of plant antimicrobial phenolic compounds on virulence of the genus Pectobacterium.

Pectobacterium spp. are among the most devastating necrotrophs, attacking more than 50% of angiosperm plant orders. Their virulence strategy is based mainly on the secretion of exoenzymes that degrade the cell walls of their hosts, providing nutrients to the bacteria, but conversely, exposing the bacteria to plant defense compounds.

ROSMETER: a bioinformatic tool for the identification of transcriptomic imprints related to reactive oxygen species type and origin provides new insights into stress responses.

The chemical identity of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its subcellular origin will leave a specific imprint on the transcriptome response. In order to facilitate the appreciation of ROS signaling, we developed a tool that is tuned to qualify this imprint. Transcriptome data from experiments in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) for which the ROS type and organelle origin are known were compiled into indices and made accessible by a Web-based interface called ROSMETER.