A novel F type plasmid encoding mcr-10 in a clinical Enterobacter ludwigii strain from a tertiary hospital in the Czech Republic.

Objective: Here we describe a novel IncFIA plasmid harbouring mcr-10 gene in a clinical Enterobacter ludwigii strain isolated at the University Hospital in Pilsen in the Czech Republic.

Methods: The strain was subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. Whole genome sequencing was performed using Illumina for short-read sequencing and Oxford Nanopore Technologies for long-read sequencing followed by hybrid assembly.

Zinc effects on bacteria: insights from by multi-omics approach.

A long-term exposure of bacteria to zinc oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles leads to major alterations in bacterial morphology and physiology. These included biochemical and physiological processes promoting the emergence of strains with multi-drug resistance and virulence traits. After the removal of zinc pressure, bacterial phenotype reversed back to the original state; however, certain changes at the genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic level remained.

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance from fresh meat and slaughtered animals in the Czech Republic: nation-wide surveillance 2020-2021.

The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in domestic and imported meat and slaughter animals in the Czech Republic during 2020-2021 by using selective cultivation and direct PCR testing. A total of 111 colistin-resistant isolates with gene were obtained from 65 (9.9%, = 659) samples and subjected to whole-genome sequencing.

Broad-Host Dissemination of Plasmids Coharboring the Operon for Fructooligosaccharide Metabolism with Antibiotic Resistance Genes.

The operon encoding short-chain fructooligosaccharide (scFOS) utilization enables bacteria of the family to grow and be sustained in environments where they would struggle to survive. Despite several cases of the detection of the operon in isolates of avian and equine origins, its global distribution in bacterial genomes remains unknown. The presence of the plasmid-harbored operon among resistant bacteria may promote the spread of antibiotic resistance.

Hospital and community wastewater as a source of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing .

Introduction: Hospitals and wastewater are recognized hot spots for the selection and dissemination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria to the environment, but the total participation of hospitals in the spread of nosocomial pathogens to municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and adjacent rivers had not previously been revealed.

Methods: We used a combination of culturing and whole-genome sequencing to explore the transmission routes of from hospitalized patients suffering from urinary tract infections (UTI) wastewater to the environment. Samples were collected in two periods in three locations (A, B, and C) and cultured on selective antibiotic-enhanced plates.

Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among human clinical isolates: national surveillance in the Czech Republic.

The occurrence of colistin resistance has increased rapidly among around the world. We performed a national survey of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance in human clinical isolates through a retrospective analysis of samples from 2009 to 2017 and a prospective sampling in 2018-2020. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize isolates with genes from various regions of the Czech Republic using whole genome sequencing (WGS).

Pilot study of correlation of selected genetic factors with cribra orbitalia in individuals from a medieval population from Slovakia.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the potential genetic etiology of cribra orbitalia noted on human skeletal remains.

Materials: We obtained and analyzed ancient DNA of 43 individuals with cribra orbitalia. The analyzed set represented medieval individuals from two cemeteries in western Slovakia, Castle Devín (11th-12th century AD) and Cífer-Pác (8th-9th century AD).

Fitness effects of blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B- plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts.

Objectives: To investigate the fitness effects of large blaCTX-M-15-harbouring F2:A1:B- plasmids on their native Escherichia coli ST131 H30Rx hosts.

Methods: We selected five E. coli ST131 H30Rx isolates of diverse origin, each carrying an F2:A1:B- plasmid with the blaCTX-M-15 gene.

Genomic analysis of qnr-harbouring IncX plasmids and their transferability within different hosts under induced stress.

Background: Conjugative plasmids play a major role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes. Knowledge of the plasmid characteristics and behaviour can allow development of control strategies. Here we focus on the IncX group of plasmids carrying genes conferring quinolone resistance (PMQR), reporting their transfer and persistence within host bacteria of various genotypes under distinct conditions and levels of induced stress in form of temperature change and various concentrations of ciprofloxacin supplementation.

Collateral sensitivity associated with antibiotic resistance plasmids.

Collateral sensitivity (CS) is a promising alternative approach to counteract the rising problem of antibiotic resistance (ABR). CS occurs when the acquisition of resistance to one antibiotic produces increased susceptibility to a second antibiotic. Recent studies have focused on CS strategies designed against ABR mediated by chromosomal mutations.