Publications by authors named "Jana Koth"

Article Synopsis
  • The naked mole rat (NMR) is the longest-living rodent and offers insights into how evolution influences adult stem cell activity as lifespan increases.
  • NMRs exhibit an increased number of intestinal Lgr5 stem cells, which divide more slowly than those in short-lived mice, yet have a similar turnover rate as human LGR5 cells.
  • Instead of entering a resting state, these NMR stem cells slow their division by extending the arrest phase in their cell cycle and possess a higher ratio of differentiated cells that enhance intestinal protection and responsiveness to chemical changes.
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Muscle regeneration models have revealed mechanisms of inflammation, wound clearance, and stem cell-directed repair of damage, thereby informing therapy. Whereas studies of muscle repair are most advanced in rodents, the zebrafish is emerging as an additional model organism with genetic and optical advantages. Various muscle wounding protocols (both chemical and physical) have been published.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers found that cancer cells can grow slower if we turn off some of their energy-making pathways, but these changes don’t usually hurt the cells when they are in the body.
  • They think that cancer cells can work around these changes by sharing helpful materials with healthy neighboring cells through special connections called gap junctions.
  • In their experiments, they discovered that these gap junctions, especially one called Cx26, allow cancer cells to survive even with genetic problems that normally would slow them down.
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To address questions of stem cell diversity during skeletal myogenesis, a Brainbow-like genetic cell lineage tracing method, dubbed Musclebow2, was derived by enhancer trapping in zebrafish. It is shown that, after initial formation of the primary myotome, at least 15 muscle precursor cells (mpcs) seed each somite, where they proliferate but contribute little to muscle growth prior to hatching. Thereafter, dermomyotome-derived mpc clones rapidly expand while some progeny undergo terminal differentiation, leading to stochastic clonal drift within the mpc pool.

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Unlike most cell types, many cancer cells survive at low extracellular pH (pHe), a chemical signature of tumors. Genes that facilitate survival under acid stress are therefore potential targets for cancer therapies. We performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 cell viability screen at physiological and acidic conditions to systematically identify gene knockouts associated with pH-related fitness defects in colorectal cancer cells.

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Article Synopsis
  • Runx1 is a crucial transcription factor that regulates cell growth and differentiation during both development and adulthood.
  • It is found to be upregulated at injury sites during zebrafish heart regeneration, with its absence leading to improved myocardial survival and regeneration, along with reduced fibrosis.
  • Single-cell sequencing revealed that Runx1-positive cells in the injury area play a role in collagen production, and its absence results in decreased collagen and fibrin, highlighting Runx1's potential as a target for heart repair therapies.
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The incidence of cancer is increasing; however, mortality rates have decreased in the past 30 years, largely because of increased awareness and early detection methods. The majority of cancer cases are treated as serious conditions, but not all are considered urgent. Some cases, known as oncologic emergencies, are identified as critical.

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Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) are highly prevalent food-borne pathogens. Recently, a highly invasive, multi-drug resistant S. Typhimurium, ST313, emerged as a major cause of bacteraemia in children and immunosuppressed adults, however the pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear.

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Background: Interprofessional education (IPE) is becoming increasingly prevalent in health science education, with the goal of preparing students to work collaboratively in teams within the healthcare environment. Students in our cytotechnology and radiation therapy (RT) programs used virtual technologies to demonstrate their professions using case studies. The purpose of this activity was to see if our students' knowledge of each other's professions and educational technologies increased and if the students had a better understanding of how they would work together in a healthcare team.

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Article Synopsis
  • Researchers developed a non-invasive MRI method for adult zebrafish to study heart regeneration without destroying tissues, allowing repeated observations of the same animal over time.
  • The technique achieved a high resolution of 31 µm, enabling the comparison of heart healing in transgenic fish with different regeneration capabilities over periods of up to 10 weeks.
  • This innovative method not only aids in cardiac studies but can also be applied to investigate healing processes in other tissues, broadening research possibilities in aquatic species.
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Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are self-renewing multipotent stem cells that generate mature blood lineages throughout life. They, together with hematopoietic progenitor cells (collectively known as HSPCs), emerge from hemogenic endothelium in the floor of the embryonic dorsal aorta by an endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT). Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is required for HSPC specification and that it regulates the expression of the Notch ligand Jagged1a in endothelial cells prior to EHT, in a striking parallel with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

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Heterogeneity of stem cells or their niches is likely to influence tissue regeneration. Here we reveal stem/precursor cell diversity during wound repair in larval zebrafish somitic body muscle using time-lapse 3D confocal microscopy on reporter lines. Skeletal muscle with incision wounds rapidly regenerates both slow and fast muscle fibre types.

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This article discusses radiation safety programs, including the members of the radiation safety team, their roles, and the challenges they face, with a focus on the radiation safety officer's duties. Agencies that regulate radiation safety also are described. The importance of minimizing patient dose, ensuring that dosimetry badges are worn correctly, and using therapeutic radioactive materials safely are addressed.

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