Patient-Reported Opioid Analgesic Use After Discharge from Surgical Procedures: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This systematic review synthesizes evidence on patient-reported outpatient opioid analgesic use after surgery.

Methods: We searched PubMed (February 2019) and Web of Science and Embase (June 2019) for U.S.

Emergency Department Visits Attributed to Adverse Events Involving Benzodiazepines, 2016-2017.

Introduction: Characterization of emergency department visits attributed to adverse events involving benzodiazepines can be used to guide preventive interventions. This study describes U.S.

A comparison of opioid-involved fatalities captured in the National Poison Data System to data derived from US death certificate literal text.

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe and compare the number and characteristics of opioid-involved fatal cases captured in the National Poison Data System (NPDS) and in US death certificates.

Methods: NPDS, which collects data on all calls to US poison control centers, and Drug-Involved Mortality (DIM), which combines information from literal text of US death certificates and National Vital Statistics Systems, were queried for opioid-involved fatal cases from 2010 to 2015. Characteristics of the two case series were compared.

U.S. Emergency Department Visits Resulting From Nonmedical Use of Pharmaceuticals, 2016.

Introduction: National data on morbidity from nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals are limited. This study used nationally representative, public health surveillance data to characterize U.S.

Patterns of Immediate-Release and Extended-Release Opioid Analgesic Use in the Management of Chronic Pain, 2003-2014.

Importance: Many stakeholders are working to improve the safe use of immediate-release (IR) and extended-release/long-acting (ER/LA) opioid analgesics. However, little information exists regarding the relative use of these 2 formulations in chronic pain management.

Objectives: To describe the distribution of IR and ER/LA opioid analgesic therapy duration and examine adding and switching patterns among patients receiving long-term IR opioid analgesic therapy, defined as at least 90 consecutive days of IR formulation use.

Trends in dextromethorphan cough and cold products: 2000-2015 National Poison Data System intentional abuse exposure calls.

Context: Recent restrictions in access to and availability of dextromethorphan (DXM) cough and cold medications may correlate with changes in abuse exposures.

Objective: To extend and update existing knowledge about DXM abuse, we describe recent trends and patterns of calls to poison control centers involving DXM abuse, by demographics, geography, common brands, and medical outcomes.

Methods: We utilized data from the National Poison Data System (NPDS) maintained by the American Association of Poison Control Centers (AAPCC), which captures data on calls to U.

Important statistical considerations in the evaluation of post-market studies to assess whether opioids with abuse-deterrent properties result in reduced abuse in the community.

Purpose: Abuse, misuse, addiction, overdose, and death associated with non-medical use of prescription opioids have become a serious public health concern. Reformulation of these products with abuse-deterrent properties is one approach for addressing this problem. FDA has approved several extended-release opioid analgesics with abuse-deterrent labeling, the bases of which come from pre-market studies.

Trends in the Concomitant Prescribing of Opioids and Benzodiazepines, 2002-2014.

Introduction: Although many clinical guidelines caution against the combined use of opioids and benzodiazepines, overdose deaths and emergency department visits involving the co-ingestion of these drugs are increasing.

Methods: In this ecologic time series study, the IMS Health Total Patient Tracker was used to describe nationally projected trends of patients receiving opioids and benzodiazepines in the U.S.

Emergency Department Visits and Overdose Deaths From Combined Use of Opioids and Benzodiazepines.

Introduction: Opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines are the prescription drugs most commonly associated with drug overdose deaths. This study was conducted to assess trends in nonmedical use-related emergency department (ED) visits and drug overdose deaths that involved both opioid analgesics and benzodiazepines in the U.S.