Using ultrasound in preoperative mapping and surveillance of arteriovenous grafts for haemodialysis improves patency rates: Single-centre experience.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate patency outcomes of arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) before and after using Duplex doppler ultrasonography (DUS) in preoperative mapping and surveillance of AVG.

Methods: In this single-centre, retrospective cohort study 212 patients receiving AVGs from January 2009 to December 2022 were included. In group 1, the creation of AVG as well as screening was based on physical examination alone.

Management of Arteriovenous Fistula After Successful Kidney Transplantation in Long-Term Follow-Up.

Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the best method of vascular access for hemodialysis. This approach can lead to several complications, such as hyperkinetic heart failure due to a hyperfunctional AVF or dilatation of the feeding artery. These are late complications, especially in patients after a successful kidney transplantation.

Smoothie Drinks: Possible Source of Resistant and Biofilm-Forming Microorganisms.

Smoothie drinks are currently very popular drinks sold especially in fast food establishments. However, smoothies are a significant source of microorganisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of smoothies purchased in Eastern Bohemia.

Current Status, Prevention and Treatment of BK Virus Nephropathy.

All renal transplant recipients should undergo a regular screening for BK viral (BKV) viremia. Gradual reduction of immunosuppression is recommended in patients with persistent plasma BKV viremia for 3 weeks after the first detection, reflecting the presence of probable or suspected BKV-associated nephropathy. Reduction of immunosuppression is also a primary intervention in biopsy proven nephropathy associated with BKV (BKVN).

Brachial artery aneurysm as a late complication of arteriovenous fistula.

Introduction: Brachial artery aneurysm (BAA) is a rare late complication of arteriovenous fistula (AVF). It brings the risk of peripheral embolism and hand ischemia and is defined by brachial artery diameter above 10 mm or by regional dilatation by >50%. BAA is described in the literature in closed radiocephalic arteriovenous fistulas after kidney transplantation.

Reduction of arteriovenous access blood flow leads to biventricular unloading in haemodialysis patients.

Aims: Patients on chronic haemodialysis have a wide range of changes in cardiac function and structure, including left ventricular hypertrophy, dilation and diastolic dysfunction or pulmonary hypertension. All these changes were linked to increased mortality in previous studies. High-flow arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are supposed to be a factor contributing to their development.

Arteriovenous Grafts' Types of Indications and Their Infection Rate.

Background: Arteriovenous graft infection is a well-known and frequent complication. The objective of this study was to compare infection rates of primary and secondary indicated arteriovenous grafts (AVGs).

Subjects And Methods: Retrospectively, we evaluated the indications for AVGs created at our institution which became infected.

The effect of graphene oxide on signalling of xenobiotic receptors involved in biotransformation.

Graphene oxide (GO) is an engineered nanomaterial which was demonstrated to have outstanding capacity for adsorption of organic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the ligands and activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Due to the partially overlapping ligand capacity of AhR and pregnane X receptor (PXR), we tested the impact of GO particles on their signalling. While reporter gene assay revealed potentiating effect of GO on ligand-activated AhR-dependent luciferase activity, there was no effect for PXR.

Creation of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis in the older population.

Objective: To evaluate the results of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) created for haemodialysis in patients older than 65 years of age.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients with AVF or arteriovenous graft (AVG) creation, who were older than 65 years of age and were operated on at the II. Surgical Clinic at the University Hospital in Olomouc from 2014 - 2018 was performed.

F-FDG PET/CT and Tc-HMPAO-WBC SPECT/CT effectively contribute to early diagnosis of infection of arteriovenous graft for hemodialysis.

Objective: An arteriovenous graft (AVG) is indicated in hemodialysis patients with failed arteriovenous access. Early treatment of AVG infection is important because an advanced prosthetic infection leads to the removal of the prosthesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of F-FDG PET/CT and Tc-HMPAO-WBC SPECT/CT in early detection of AVG infections.

[Lethal course of complicated vascular prosthesis infections].

Presented are two cases of vascular prosthesis infections complicated by peritonitis with a lethal course. The authors describe complicated antibiotic therapy with findings, exhausted options for surgical therapy and subsequent decision that the condition was untreatable and palliative care was initiated.

Surgical revision vs. stent-graft to treat venous anastomosis stenosis following surgical thrombectomy of hemodialysis grafts.

Background: There is no unanimous strategy for treating stenosis of the venous anastomosis (VA) of an occluded arteriovenous graft (AVG) following surgical thrombectomy. In this study, we compared classical surgical treatment and endovascular treatment procedures with the use of stent- graft in a single center study. The aim was to evaluate whether, the VA stenosis of thrombosed AVG treated endovascularly by stent-graft implantation, have as good results as surgical VA treatment, so that it may be considered the method of choice.

Effect of hyperbaric air on endotoxin from Bacteroides fragilis strains.

The aim of the project was to determine any effect of hyperbaric air on Bacteroides fragilis strains cultivated under hyperbaric conditions. Previously, it was hypothesized that there was a correlation between the presence of Bacteroides bacteria in patients preferring a meaty diet and cancer of the small intestine, and particularly of the large intestine and rectum. With respect to the fact that Bacteroides fragilis (BAFR) group are important producers of endotoxins, measurement and statistical evaluation of endotoxin production by individual strains of isolated Bacteroides species were used to compare bacteria isolated from various clinical samples from patients with colon and rectum cancer in comparison with strains isolated from other non-cancer diagnoses.

New hybrid procedures in treating occluded arteriovenous hemodialysis grafts.

Backround: The use of arteriovenous graft is indicated in patients if the subcutaneous venous bed is exhausted or unsuitable for arteriovenous fistula creation. The leading cause of failure of a prosthetic arteriovenous hemodialysis-access graft is venous anastomotic stenosis causing thrombosis of the graft. A number of surgical techniques and endovascular tools have been used to treat this stenosis and thrombosis.