Alcohol use disorders after bariatric surgery: a study using linked health claims and survey data.

Background: Previous studies have repeatedly reported alcohol use disorders (AUDs) in patients after bariatric surgery (BS). This research field can benefit from studies combining health claims data with survey data.

Methods: Based on a combined retrospective cohort and cross-sectional study, 2151 patients with BS identified in a large health claims database received a questionnaire, by which we assessed the presence of AUDs based on a validated instrument (AUDIT) as well as by ICD-10 codes from the health claims data.

Quality of life in bariatric patients up to twelve years after surgery - Results from a nationwide retrospective cohort study.

Background: Bariatric interventions (BI, including surgical interventions) are effective in patients with massive obesity, i.e., a body mass index (BMI) > 40, and their number has steadily increased during the past decade.

Dynamics of affect, cognition and behavior in a general population sample of adolescents and young adults with current and remitted anxiety disorders: An Ecological Momentary Assessment study.

Background: Measures of dynamic changes in affect/emotions (variability, instability, inertia) have been linked to anxiety disorders (AD). We examine dynamics in affect, cognition and behavior in youth with current and remitted AD.

Methods: Mental disorders were assessed in a general population sample (N = 1180, age 14-21; Dresden, Germany) using standardized interview.

Associations of saliva cortisol and hair cortisol with generalized anxiety, social anxiety, and major depressive disorder: An epidemiological cohort study in adolescents and young adults.

Objectives: Most of the observed associations of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) with cortisol concentrations came from clinical and adult study samples, with inconsistent findings, partly due to method variance. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between GAD, SAD and MDD with saliva and hair cortisol as well as hair cortisol change in a population-based sample of adolescents and young adults, considering relevant co-factors.

Design: Epidemiological cohort study in Dresden, Germany.

How current and past anxiety disorders affect daily life in adolescents and young adults from the general population-An epidemiological study with ecological momentary assessment.

Background: Prior research indicated, based on retrospective assessments of symptomatology, that 25% of individuals with "remitted" anxiety disorders (AD) experience a relapse. The present study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine how ADs affect everyday life among community adolescents and young adults with current or remitted AD compared to healthy controls and to each other.

Methods: Data come from the baseline assessment of the epidemiological Behavior and Mind Health study, conducted in Dresden (Germany) from 11/2015-12/2016.

Reliability and Validity of a German Standardized Diagnostic Interview Module for ICD-11 Adjustment Disorder.

The ICD-11 includes a new definition of adjustment disorder (AjD). The present study aimed to examine interrater reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity of a new diagnostic interview module to assess ICD-11 AjD. Data from two studies that used a standardized diagnostic interview assessment (i.

The interaction of 5-HTT variation, recent stress, and resilience on current anxiety levels in adolescents and young adults from the general population.

Background: Previous work on gene-environment (GxE) interplay concerning anxiety has focused on the interaction of 5-HTTLPR with childhood adversities or traumatic events whereas the impact of recent stressors is understudied, as is the integration of resilience. The current study aimed to investigate the interactive effect of 5-HTTLPR and recent stress on anxiety in adolescents considering resilience as buffer of a GxE risk constellation.

Method: In a random population-based sample of 14-21 years old from Dresden, Germany, (N = 1180; genotyped = 942) recent stress (Daily Hassles [DH] Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Screening Scale of the Trier Inventory for the Assessment of Chronic Stress), resilience (Connor-Davidson resilience scale) and anxiety (Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Anxiety Short Form) were assessed via questionnaire in 2015 or 2016.

Correction to: Test-retest reliability of the computer-assisted DIA-X-5 interview for mental disorders.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Test-retest reliability of the computer-assisted DIA-X-5 interview for mental disorders.

Background: There is a need of comprehensive standardized diagnostic assessment tools of psychopathology that match recent changes in diagnostic classification systems, such as the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Therefore, the computer-assisted DIA-X-5 was developed and its test-retest reliability was explored. The DIA-X-5 is based on the DIA-X/M-CIDI (Diagnostisches Expertensystem für psychische Störungen/Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview) which referred to the 4th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV).

Do lifetime anxiety disorders (anxiety liability) and pregnancy-related anxiety predict complications during pregnancy and delivery?

Background: Evidence suggests that maternal anxiety is associated with adverse pregnancy and delivery outcomes, such as preterm birth, vaginal bleedings and low birth weight.

Aims: To examine the association of lifetime anxiety disorders and pregnancy-related anxiety and complications during pregnancy and delivery.

Study Design: Prospective-longitudinal study (MARI).

The Behavior and Mind Health (BeMIND) study: Methods, design and baseline sample characteristics of a cohort study among adolescents and young adults.

Objectives: The Behavior and Mind Health (BeMIND) study is a population-based cohort study of adolescents and young adults from Dresden, Germany. The aim is to investigate psychological and behavioral factors linked to a range of mental disorders and health behaviors and their interaction with social-environmental and genetic/biologic factors.

Methods: A random sample of 14-21 year olds was drawn from the population registry in 2015.

Adiposity Related Brain Plasticity Induced by Bariatric Surgery.

Previous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies revealed structural-functional brain reorganization 12 months after gastric-bypass surgery, encompassing cortical and subcortical regions of all brain lobes as well as the cerebellum. Changes in the mean of cluster-wise gray/white matter density (GMD/WMD) were correlated with the individual loss of body mass index (BMI), rendering the BMI a potential marker of widespread surgery-induced brain plasticity. Here, we investigated voxel-by-voxel associations between surgery-induced changes in adiposity, metabolism and inflammation and markers of functional and structural neural plasticity.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery progressively alters radiologic measures of hypothalamic inflammation in obese patients.

There is increased interest in whether bariatric surgeries such as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) achieve their profound weight-lowering effects in morbidly obese individuals through the brain. Hypothalamic inflammation is a well-recognized etiologic factor in obesity pathogenesis and so represents a potential target of RYGB, but clinical evidence in support of this is limited. We therefore assessed hypothalamic T2-weighted signal intensities (T2W SI) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values, 2 validated radiologic measures of brain inflammation, in relation to BMI and fat mass, as well as circulating inflammatory (C-reactive protein; CrP) and metabolic markers in a cohort of 27 RYGB patients at baseline and 6 and 12 months after surgery.

Self-reported volitional control in adolescents and young adults from a community cohort: Associations with current, past and future mental disorders.

Alterations in volitional control have been found for various mental disorders. However, it remains unclear to which degree such alterations vary by type of psychopathology and constitute preceding vulnerabilities or correlates of mental disorders. DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed among adolescents and young adults from the community at baseline (age 14-24) and in up to 3 follow-up assessments over 10 years (n = 2515) using a standardized diagnostic interview (DIA-X/M-CIDI).

Gastric-bypass surgery induced widespread neural plasticity of the obese human brain.

Bariatric surgery has become the gold standard for the treatment of morbid obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 40 kg/m), but only few studies investigated its plastic influences on the obese brain. In this longitudinal study, we combined structural and functional magnetic resonance brain imaging (MRI) in 27 patients (BMI 47.8 ± 5.

Psychophsyiological reactivity during uncertainty and ambiguity processing in high and low worriers.

Background And Objectives: Intolerance of uncertainty (IU) has been linked to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), but studies experimentally manipulating uncertainty have mostly failed to find differences between GAD patients and controls, possible due to a lack of distinction between uncertainty and ambiguity. This study therefore investigated reactivity to ambiguity in addition to uncertainty in high worriers (HW) and low worriers (LW). We hypothesized an interpretation bias between the groups during ambiguity tasks, while uncertainty would facilitate threat processing of subsequent aversive stimuli.

Enhanced response to music in pregnancy.

Given a possible effect of estrogen on the pleasure-mediating dopaminergic system, musical appreciation in participants whose estrogen levels are naturally elevated during the oral contraceptive cycle and pregnancy has been investigated (n = 32, 15 pregnant, 17 nonpregnant; mean age 27.2). Results show more pronounced blood pressure responses to music in pregnant women.

Neural control of vascular reactions: impact of emotion and attention.

This study investigated the neural regions involved in blood pressure reactions to negative stimuli and their possible modulation by attention. Twenty-four healthy human subjects (11 females; age = 24.75 ± 2.

Menstrual cycle phase modulates emotional conflict processing in women with and without premenstrual syndrome (PMS)--a pilot study.

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by a cluster of psychological and somatic symptoms during the late luteal phase of the menstrual cycle that disappear after the onset of menses. Behavioral differences in emotional and cognitive processing have been reported in women with PMS, and it is of particular interest whether PMS affects the parallel execution of emotional and cognitive processing. Related to this is the question of how the performance of women with PMS relates to stress levels compared to women without PMS.

Reference intervals for plasma free metanephrines with an age adjustment for normetanephrine for optimized laboratory testing of phaeochromocytoma.

Background: Measurements of plasma normetanephrine and metanephrine provide a useful diagnostic test for phaeochromocytoma, but this depends on appropriate reference intervals. Upper cut-offs set too high compromise diagnostic sensitivity, whereas set too low, false-positives are a problem. This study aimed to establish optimal reference intervals for plasma normetanephrine and metanephrine.