Background: Urine CXCL10 is a biomarker for renal allograft inflammation induced by rejection, urinary tract infection, or BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) replication. This study aimed to compare urine CXCL10 levels in different stages of BKPyV reactivation and to investigate urine CXCL10 as a biomarker for BKPyV replication.
Methods: We included 763 urine samples (235 patients) from an interventional, randomized trial obtained in the context of regular screening for urine CXCL10 levels.