Prognostic value of ambulatory heart rate revisited in 6928 subjects from 6 populations.

The evidence relating mortality and morbidity to heart rate remains inconsistent. We performed 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in 6928 subjects (not on beta-blockers; mean age: 56.2 years; 46.

Bone resorption and environmental exposure to cadmium in women: a population study.

Background: Environmental exposure to cadmium decreases bone density indirectly through hypercalciuria resulting from renal tubular dysfunction.

Objective: We sought evidence for a direct osteotoxic effect of cadmium in women.

Methods: We randomly recruited 294 women (mean age, 49.

Short-term and long-term repeatability of the morning blood pressure in older patients with isolated systolic hypertension.

Objective: Using 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, we studied the repeatability of the morning blood pressure in older (> or =60 years) patients with isolated systolic hypertension.

Methods: The sleep-through morning surge was the morning blood pressure minus the lowest nighttime blood pressure. The preawake morning surge was the morning blood pressure minus the preawake blood pressure.

Isolated nocturnal hypertension and arterial stiffness in a Chinese population.

Objective: We reported previously that normotensive Chinese had higher nighttime diastolic blood pressure (BP) compared with non-Chinese. We, therefore, studied the prevalence and characteristics of isolated nocturnal hypertension and its association with arterial stiffness, an intermediate sign of target organ damage.

Methods: We recorded ambulatory BP, the central and peripheral systolic augmentation indexes, the ambulatory arterial stiffness index, and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in 677 Chinese enrolled in the JingNing population study (53.

Is blood pressure during the night more predictive of cardiovascular outcome than during the day?

The objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the ambulatory blood pressure (BP) during night and day and of the night-to-day BP ratio (NDR). We studied 7458 participants (mean age 56.8 years; 45.

Reducing blood pressure in people of different ages.

Absolute benefit increases with age and management of overall cardiovascular risk

Effects of genetic variation in adducin on left ventricular diastolic function as assessed by tissue Doppler imaging in a Flemish population.

Background: We investigated the possible association between left ventricular diastolic function and the ADD1 Gly460Trp and ADD3 IVS11 +386A>G polymorphisms alone and in combination.

Methods: In a family-based population study (473 subjects; 50.5% women; mean age 50.

Diagnostic thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure moving lower: a review based on a meta-analysis-clinical implications.

Upper limits of normal ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) have been a matter of debate in recent years. Current diagnostic thresholds for ABP rely mainly on statistical parameters derived from reference populations. Recent findings from the International Database of Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcome (IDACO) provide outcome-driven thresholds for ABP.

Reference values for the arterial pulse wave in Chinese.

Background: Pulse wave analysis using the SphygmoCor system allows the estimation of central pulse pressure (PP) and peripheral and central augmentation indexes (AIxs). We studied the limits of normality of these measurements in Chinese.

Methods: We computed limits of normality as the 95% confidence boundaries from regression models relating the arterial indexes to age.

Blood pressure and renal sodium handling in relation to genetic variation in the DRD1 promoter and GRK4.

Activation of type-1 dopamine receptors (DRD1) reduces renal sodium reabsorption. In a family-based random sample of 611 untreated whites (women, 45.0%; mean age, 38.

Treatment of hypertension in patients 80 years of age or older.

Background: Whether the treatment of patients with hypertension who are 80 years of age or older is beneficial is unclear. It has been suggested that antihypertensive therapy may reduce the risk of stroke, despite possibly increasing the risk of death.

Methods: We randomly assigned 3845 patients from Europe, China, Australasia, and Tunisia who were 80 years of age or older and had a sustained systolic blood pressure of 160 mm Hg or more to receive either the diuretic indapamide (sustained release, 1.

Heritability and intrafamilial aggregation of arterial characteristics.

Background: We investigated the heritability and familial aggregation of various indexes of arterial stiffness and wave reflection and we partitioned the phenotypic correlation between these traits into shared genetic and environmental components.

Methods: Using a family-based population sample, we recruited 204 parents (mean age, 51.7 years) and 290 offspring (29.

Data from the Dublin outcome study.

Background: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has proven to be a superior predictor of cardiovascular events when compared with clinic or office blood pressure measurement (CBPM). The purpose of the Dublin Outcome Study was to evaluate the predictive value of various established and new ABPM indices in a large sample of patients referred for management of cardiovascular risk.

Methods And Results: At baseline 11,291 patients (5326 men, mean age 54.

Diagnostic thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure monitoring based on 10-year cardiovascular risk.

Current diagnostic thresholds for ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) mainly rely on statistical parameters derived from reference populations. We determined an outcome-driven reference frame for ABP measurement. We performed 24-h ABP monitoring in 5682 participants (mean age 59.

SAH gene variants revisited in the European Project On Genes in Hypertension.

Objective: Previous studies found significant association of hypertension and hypertension-related phenotypes with genetic variation in SAH (Spontaneously hypertensive rat-clone A-Hypertension-associated). We sought independent confirmation of these findings in the European Project On Genes in Hypertension.

Methods And Results: We randomly recruited 2603 relatives from 560 families and 31 unrelated subjects from six European populations (mean age 38.

Meta-analysis of continuous outcomes combining individual patient data and aggregate data.

Meta-analysis of individual patient data (IPD) is the gold-standard for synthesizing evidence across clinical studies. However, for some studies IPD may not be available and only aggregate data (AD), such as a treatment effect estimate and its standard error, may be obtained. In this situation, methods for combining IPD and AD are important to utilize all the available evidence.

Daytime and nighttime blood pressure as predictors of death and cause-specific cardiovascular events in hypertension.

Our aim was to assess the prognostic significance of nighttime and daytime ambulatory blood pressure and their ratio for mortality and cause-specific cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients without major cardiovascular disease at baseline. We performed a meta-analysis on individual data of 3468 patients from 4 prospective studies performed in Europe. Age of the subjects averaged 61+/-13 years, 45% were men, 13.

Anthropometric and lifestyle factors associated with white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension in a Chinese population.

Objective: We investigated to what extent anthropometric and lifestyle factors contributed to the classification of Chinese individuals into groups with white-coat, masked and sustained hypertension (HT).

Methods: We measured the office and ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in 694 Chinese enrolled in the JingNing population study (45.7% men; mean age, 48.