A Combination of Distinct Vascular Stem/Progenitor Cells for Neovascularization and Ischemic Rescue.

Background: Peripheral vascular disease remains a leading cause of vascular morbidity and mortality worldwide despite advances in medical and surgical therapy. Besides traditional approaches, which can only restore blood flow to native arteries, an alternative approach is to enhance the growth of new vessels, thereby facilitating the physiological response to ischemia.

Methods: The Actin/R26 Rainbow reporter mouse was used for unbiased in vivo survey of injury-responsive vasculogenic clonal formation.

JUN promotes hypertrophic skin scarring via CD36 in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models.

Pathologic skin scarring presents a vast economic and medical burden. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms underlying scar formation remain to be elucidated. We used a hypertrophic scarring (HTS) mouse model in which is overexpressed globally or specifically in α-smooth muscle or collagen type I–expressing cells to cause excessive extracellular matrix deposition by skin fibroblasts in the skin after wounding.

Aged skeletal stem cells generate an inflammatory degenerative niche.

Loss of skeletal integrity during ageing and disease is associated with an imbalance in the opposing actions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Here we show that intrinsic ageing of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) in mice alters signalling in the bone marrow niche and skews the differentiation of bone and blood lineages, leading to fragile bones that regenerate poorly. Functionally, aged SSCs have a decreased bone- and cartilage-forming potential but produce more stromal lineages that express high levels of pro-inflammatory and pro-resorptive cytokines.

The antifibrotic adipose-derived stromal cell: Grafted fat enriched with CD74+ adipose-derived stromal cells reduces chronic radiation-induced skin fibrosis.

Fat grafting can reduce radiation-induced fibrosis. Improved outcomes are found when fat grafts are enriched with adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), implicating ASCs as key drivers of soft tissue regeneration. We have identified a subpopulation of ASCs positive for CD74 with enhanced antifibrotic effects.

CD34+CD146+ adipose-derived stromal cells enhance engraftment of transplanted fat.

Fat grafting is a surgical technique able to reconstruct and regenerate soft tissue. The adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs) within the stromal vascular fraction are believed to drive these beneficial effects. ASCs are increasingly recognized to be a heterogeneous group, comprised of multiple stem and progenitor subpopulations with distinct functions.

Fat Chance: The Rejuvenation of Irradiated Skin.

Radiotherapy (RT) helps cure and palliate thousands of patients with a range of malignant diseases. A major drawback, however, is the collateral damage done to tissues surrounding the tumor in the radiation field. The skin and subcutaneous tissue are among the most severely affected regions.