Heart rate turbulence in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus type 2.

Introduction: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) causes substantial morbidity and increased mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). Besides heart rate variability (HRV), heart rate turbulence (HRT) is an important method of assessment of cardiac autonomic regulation. The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between HRT and diabetic control.

[Is prevalence of the "white coat effect" correlated with a high risk of late diabetic complications in type 2 diabetic patients?].

Background: On the ground of existing hitherto reports it is suggested that the "white coat effect" is not correlated with a high risk of cardiovascular diseases. Conducted studies did not ascertain a correlation between the value of the "white coat effect" and late diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of late diabetic complications: polyneuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy in type 2 diabetic, hypertensive patients, in which the "white coat effect" was detected.

[Fosfomycin in the treatment of recurrent tract infections in type 2 diabetic patients].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of chronic therapy with fosfomycin trometamol (TF) in the treatment and prevention of recurrent, uncomplicated urinary tract infections (NIDDM) in type 2 diabetic women.

Investigated Group: The study comprised 45 type 2 diabetes women aged 50-70 years. All patients enrolled into the study suffered from the NIDDM presented with clinical signs of uroinfection and positive urine culture with bacterial uropathogen sensitive to TF.

"White coat hypertension" in type 2 diabetic patients.

Introduction: "White coat hypertension" is a phenomenon in which patients exhibit elevated blood pressure in clinical setting, but not recorded by themselves at home.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate frequency of "white coat hypertension" in type 2 diabetic patients, in which high blood pressure values in clinical setting were observed for the first time.

Patients And Methods: The study comprised 52 type 2 diabetic patients with newly diagnosed high blood pressure values in measurements with the use of mercurial sphygmomanometer during ambulatory visit (mean "office blood pressure" values > or =140/90 mmHg).

[Fosfomycin, co-trimoxazole and nitrofurantoin in the treatment of recurrent uncomplicated urinary tract infections in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to comprise the efficacy of chronic therapy with fosfomycin, co-trimoxazole and nitrofurantoin in the treatment and prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTI) in type 2 diabetic women.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 90 women aged 50-70 years, who suffered from the UTI (isolated bacterial uropathogen sensitive to fosfomycin, co-trimoxazole and nitrofurantoin). Women were divided into 3 groups.

[Efficacy of nitrofurantoin in the treatment of chronic urinary tract infections in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The Aim: of this study was to comprise the efficacy of chronic therapy with nitrofuarntoin in the treatment and prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections (NIM) in type 2 diabetic women.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 105 women aged 50-70 years, who suffered from the NIM (isolated bacterial uropathogen sensitive to nitrofurantoin and cotrimoxazole). Women were divided into two groups.

[Effect of short-term intensive insulin therapy on daily insulin requirement in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients].

Prompt metabolic control improvement and daily insulin requirement assessment are indications for short-term intensive insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes, applied as multiple daily subcutaneous insulin injections (MDI), continuous subcutaneous (CSII) and intravenous insulin infusion (IVII). The study aimed at assessing the mean daily insulin dosage before beginning and after finishing three methods of short-term intensive insulin therapy, discontinued upon achievement of good glycemic control. 90 poorly controlled type 2 diabetes patients, hospitalized in Diabetology Department of Medical University in Lódź, treated with insulin twice daily were enrolled into the study (age 52.

[Usefulness of continuous glucose monitoring system in detection of hypoglycaemic episodes in patients with diabetes in course of chronic pancreatitis].

Background: Recently introduced method of glucose monitoring--Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS, Medtronic MiniMed) now offers new possibilities of assessing metabolic control of diabetes as it records blood glucose values 288 times per day. CGMS is particularly helpful in pancreatogenic diabetes, which is associated with essentially poor metabolic control and higher number of hypoglycemic events.

Aim: The study aimed at assessing number of hypoglycemic episodes, including symptom-free hypoglycemic episodes detected with CGMS and glucose meter (GM).

[Accuracy of blood glucose concentration values outcome performed at various skin sites with personal glucose meters].

Aim: The aim of this study was the comparison of capillary blood glucose values performed at different skin sites with various glucose meters.

Patients And Methods: 50 type 2 - diabetic patients were enrolled into the study. At the first part of study - in stable glucose phase, measurements were performed with four various glucose meters at four skin sites: finger, forearm, abdomen, big toe.

[The picture of visual evoked potentials in type 2 diabetes mellitus].

The aim of this study was to assess frequency of abnormal visual evoked potentials in type 2 diabetic patients and the correlation between patients' age, duration of the disease, metabolic control and coexisting clinical complications on the abnormal recordings. 41 diabetic patients, aged 35 to 62 years were examined. The VEP recordings were performed four times, each time using a pattern made up of elements of another size (18, 36, 72 and 144 angular minutes).

[The picture of visual evoked potentials in type 1 diabetes mellitus].

The aim of this study was to assess frequency of abnormal visual evoked potentials in type 1 diabetic patients and the correlation between patients' age, duration of the disease, metabolic control and coexisting clinical complications on the abnormal recordings. The investigation was carried out in a group of 50 diabetic patients, aged from 16 to 55 years. The VEP recordings were performed four times, each time using a pattern made up of elements of another size (18, 36, 72 and 144 angular minutes).

[Personal insulin pumps--from experiment research till recommended method of diabetes treatment].

Diabetes treatment with continuous insulin infusion with the use of personal insulin pumps secures strict metabolic control in diabetes--patients and can minimize a number of complications of diabetes. According to American Diabetes Association (2001), diabetes therapy with continuous insulin infusion is recommended for each person, who accept this therapy method. Personal insulin pump is well tolerated device, which enables to conduct a comfortable continuous insulin infusion.

[Ghrelin--role in energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism].

Ghrelin is a 28 aminoacids peptide secreted from the stomach that stimulates the release of growth hormone (GH) from the anterior pituitary cells and is the strongest orexigenic hormone discovered so far. Ghrelin seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, anorexia nervosa and cachexia. Furthermore, low levels of ghrelin are negatively correlated with the degree of insulin resistance, blood pressure and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes.

[Effectiveness of selected methods of the short-term intensive insulin therapy in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus can be an indication for hospitalisation and short-term intensive insulin therapy. There are different forms of such therapy i.e.