Higher blood pressure in normal weight women with PCOS compared to controls.

Objective: Obesity is considered to be the strongest predictive factor for cardio-metabolic risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the study was to compare blood pressure (BP) in normal weight women with PCOS and controls matched for age and BMI.

Methods: From a Nordic cross-sectional base of 2615 individuals of Nordic ethnicity, we studied a sub cohort of 793 normal weight women with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (512 women with PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria and 281 age and BMI-matched controls).

The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes is not increased in normal-weight women with PCOS.

Study Question: Is oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) needed in all women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Summary Qnswer: OGTT is not routinely needed in women with PCOS and BMI < 25 kg/m2.

What Is Known Already: PCOS is associated with insulin resistance and increased prevalence of prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) which is closely linked to obesity and possibly age, ethnicity and PCOS phenotype. Several guidelines recommend OGTT upon diagnosis of PCOS and during follow-up.

Racial and ethnic differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components of metabolic syndrome in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a regional cross-sectional study.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a heterogeneous disorder and its presentation varies with race and ethnicity. Reproductive-age women with polycystic ovary syndrome are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome; however, it is not clear if prevalence of metabolic syndrome and clustering of its components differs based on race and ethnicity. Moreover, the majority of these women do not undergo routine screening for metabolic syndrome.

Normo- and hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome exhibit an adverse metabolic profile through life.

Objective: To compare the metabolic profiles of normo- and hyperandrogenic women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with those of control women at different ages during reproductive life.

Design: Case-control study.

Setting: Not applicable.

Should we individualize lipid profiling in women with polycystic ovary syndrome?

Study Question: Is it necessary to monitor lipid profiles in all young women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?

Summary Answer: Lipid profiling is required when women with PCOS develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) or hypertension, but rarely changes clinical care before the age of 35 years.

What Is Known Already: PCOS consensus statements and guidelines recommend that women with PCOS should be screened for dyslipidaemia every second year or annually.

Study Design, Size, Duration: Women from Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden, who had participated in research projects or clinical trials or in whom lipid profiles had been determined routinely as part of clinical care since 2000 were included.

In vitro fertilization is a successful treatment in endometriosis-associated infertility.

Objective: To assess success rates of IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in women with various stages of endometriosis.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Reproductive medicine unit in a university hospital.

Mitotically active cellular luteinized thecoma of the ovary and luteinized thecomatosis associated with sclerosing peritonitis: case studies, comparison, and review of the literature.

In this study, we distinguish two clinical and pathological entities that are similarly named: luteinized thecoma and luteinized thecoma associated with sclerosing peritonitis. Ovarian luteinized thecoma lacks definitive criteria for malignancy. Based on our case study of a mitotically active neoplasm without nuclear atypia in which the patient was living and well 19 years after operation and comparison with prior studies of luteinized thecoma and the closely related entity of cellular fibroma, we propose presumptive criteria for malignancy for this rare neoplasm.

IgVH gene analysis suggests that peritoneal B cells do not contribute to the gut immune system in man.

The contribution of peritoneal B cells to the intestinal lamina propria plasma cell population is well documented in mice, but unknown in humans. We have analyzed immunoglobulin (Ig) genes of human peritoneal B cells, because such genes show distinctive characteristics in mucosal B cells, particularly highly mutated variable regions. Here, we report the characteristics of variable region genes used by IgM, IgA and IgG in peritoneal cells.

Activation of leukocytes during the uteroplacental passage in preeclampsia.

Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation appear to play a major role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. We hypothesize that a chronic inflammation in the decidua and placenta during preeclampsia may lead to a local leukocyte activation in this compartment. Venous blood was sampled simultaneously from antecubital and uterine veins during cesarean sections in 30 women with preeclampsia, 29 with uncomplicated pregnancies, and from 17 nonpregnant women.