Urinary tract trauma as a predictor of acute kidney injury in severely injured patients: A retrospective analysis of observational studies.

Aim: The main objective of this study was to determine whether urinary trauma increases the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with severe trauma. As a secondary objective, we assessed the reliability of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in the early prediction of AKI in this patient population.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of two prospective observational studies involving 179 adult patients with severe trauma (Injury Severity Score >16).

Pregnancy Termination and Postnatal Major Congenital Heart Defect Prevalence After Introduction of Prenatal Cardiac Screening.

Importance: Prenatal cardiac screening of the first and second trimesters has had a major impact on postnatal prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHDs), rates of termination of pregnancy (TOP), and outcomes among children born alive with CHDs.

Objective: To examine the prenatal and postnatal incidence of major CHDs (ie, necessitating intervention within the first year of life), detection rate trends, rates of TOP, and the association of cardiac screening with postnatal outcomes.

Design, Settings, And Participants: In this cross-sectional study, 3827 fetuses with antenatally diagnosed major CHDs in the Czech Republic (population 10.

Pregnancy in the time of COVID-19: towards Fetal monitoring 4.0.

On the outbreak of the global COVID-19 pandemic, high-risk and vulnerable groups in the population were at particular risk of severe disease progression. Pregnant women were one of these groups. The infectious disease endangered not only the physical health of pregnant women, but also their mental well-being.

Measuring respiratory and heart rate using a fiber optic interferometer: A pilot study in a neonate model.

Introduction: The study aim was to test the safety and efficacy of a pad with optic fibers developed for monitoring newborn respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR).

Methods: Thirty New Zealand White rabbits were included, divided by weight into three groups. RR and HR were measured using two methods for each rabbit: ECG electrodes as the reference method and a newly developed pad with an experimental fiber optic system (EFOS) as the experimental method.

Circulating Serum Cystatin C as an Independent Risk Biomarker for Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with COVID-19-Associated Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): A Prospective Observational Study.

Introduction: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a new clinical entity that has emerged in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the less severe course of the disease, varying degrees of cardiovascular events may occur in MIS-C; however, data on vascular changes occurring in MIS-C are still lacking. Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is thought to be one of the key risk factors contributing to MIS-C.

Nationwide observational study of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic.

The worldwide outbreak of the novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has led to recognition of a new immunopathological condition: paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS). The Czech Republic (CZ) suffered from one of the highest incidences of individuals who tested positive during pandemic waves. The aim of this study was to analyse epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of all cases of paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS-TS) in the Czech Republic (CZ) and their predictors of severe course.

Karyotyping of Lymphocytes and Epithelial Cells of Distinct Embryonic Origin Does Not Help to Predict the Turner Syndrome Features.

Background: In Turner syndrome (TS), fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotyping offers an alternative to classical karyotyping.

Objective: We tested the added value of FISH karyotyping from lymphocytes (mesodermal origin), buccal cells (ectodermal origin), and a rear-tongue smear (endodermal origin) to determine the 45,X cell line fraction and its impact on patient phenotype.

Design And Patients: Classical karyotyping and three FISH assays were done in 153 girls and women previously diagnosed with TS in four university hospitals.

Risk factors for tumors or leukemia development in the first two years of life.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence of neoplastic diseases and associated risk factors in the early stages of life.

Methods: Data were retrospectively assessed in 730,000 live births between 2000 and 2019. The occurrence of tumors was monitored in the neonatal, infant (1-12 months), and toddler (13-24 months) periods.

Early Vascular Aging in Children With Type 1 Diabetes and Ambulatory Normotension.

Preliminary data suggest that target organ damage (TOD) and early vascular aging (EVA) may occur in children with normal blood pressure (BP). To analyze TOD and EVA in normotensive (BP <95th percentile on ambulatory BP monitoring) type 1 diabetes children (T1D) in comparison to healthy controls (C). 25 T1D aged 13.

Major heart defects: the diagnostic evaluations of first-year-olds.

Background: Severe or critical congenital heart defects (CHDs) constitute one third of the heart defect cases detected only after birth. These prenatally unrecognised defects usually manifest as cyanotic or acyanotic lesions and are diagnosed postnatally at various times. The aim of the study was to identify their clinical symptoms and determine individual risk periods for CHD manifestation.

Area of the right atrium of the fetal heart and its significance in fetuses with tricuspid regurgitation.

Objectives: The first aim was to develop a nomogram for the area of the right atrium (ARA) of the fetal heart in uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. The second aim was to assess diagnostic indices of ARA to distinguish between tricuspid regurgitation (TR) with and without concomitant congenital heart defect (CDH).

Methods: The study was conducted between 2014 and 2019.

Haplotype analysis of the X chromosome in patients with Turner syndrome in order to verify the possible effect of imprinting on selected symptoms.

Aims: Turner syndrome is the only chromosome monosomy that is postnatally compatible with life. The reported incidence of TS is 1 in 2500 liveborn girls. The phenotype of these girls is highly variable, with cardiac abnormalities being life-threatening defects.

Extracellular granzyme A in amniotic fluid is elevated in the presence of sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.

Introduction: To determine the levels of granzyme A in amniotic fluid in pregnancies complicated by preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM), based on the presence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC) and/or intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI).

Methods Of Study: A total of 166 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PPROM were included. Amniocentesis was performed at the time of admission and assessments of MIAC (using both cultivation and non-cultivation techniques) and IAI (interleukin-6 in amniotic fluid) were performed on all subjects.

Baseline Diameter of the Inferior Vena Cava Measured with Sonography in Euvolemic Children and its Relationship to Somatic Variables.

Purpose:  To determine normative data for the inferior vena cava (VCI) diameter in euvolemic children and its correlation with different somatic parameters in a pediatric population at one center in Europe.

Materials And Methods:  This prospective observational study enrolled healthy children aged 4 weeks to 18y that visited our outpatient clinic. Weight, height, body surface area, and age were recorded.

Parents' request for termination of pregnancy due to a congenital heart defect of the fetus in a country with liberal interruption laws.

This study aimed to evaluate the prenatal rate of congenital heart defects (CHDs) and the frequency of termination of pregnancy (TOP) due to a CHD, depending on the severity of the defect and concomitant diseases of the fetus. The data were assessed retrospectively between 2002 and 2017. Ultrasound examination was performed mostly in the second trimester.

Congenital heart defects according to the types of the risk factors - a single center experience.

The main aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) between pregnant women with and those without the risk factors. The secondary aim was to determine the influence of the specific risk factors, divided into subgroups, on the development of the CHD. The presented results were obtained over the course of a 15-year study between years 2002 and 2016.

Can auscultatory blood pressure normative values be used for evaluation of oscillometric blood pressure in children?

The aim of the study was to analyze whether auscultatory normative values (Fourth Task Force [4TF]) can be applied to blood pressure (BP) obtained by oscillometric devices. The authors performed a retrospective analysis of oscillometric office BP and ambulatory BP monitoring in 229 children (116 boys), median age 15.31 years.

Increased prevalence of bicuspid aortic valve in Turner syndrome links with karyotype: the crucial importance of detailed cardiovascular screening.

Background: Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) represents one of the strongest risk factors for aortic dissection in Turner syndrome (TS). An exact relation between the occurrence of BAV and a particular karyotype has not been established yet. The aim of this study was to determine the association between karyotype and prevalence of BAV.

Chemokine receptors in a regulation of interstitial lung fibrosis and inflammation.

Sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) are granulomatous lung diseases with predominantly Th1 immune response. In this prospective study, the authors analyzed the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR2, CXCR3, and CCR3 on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) CD4 T cells of patients either with EAA or sarcoidosis. The authors investigated the correlation of chemokine receptors expression, lymphocyte and neutrophil counts in BALF, and high-resolution tomography (HRCT) pattern.

Angiostatic versus angiogenic chemokines in IPF and EAA.

Background: Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) share the presence of varying degree interstitial involvement and fibrosis. Vascular changes were often reported to accompany the development of fibrosis.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to examine the differences in angiostatic and angiogenic chemokine milieu in both diseases.