Active Components in Internet-Based Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Full Factorial Trial.

Introduction: Many studies have demonstrated that social anxiety disorder (SAD) can be effectively treated with psychotherapy, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), including internet-based CBT (ICBT). Despite evidence-based treatments, many individuals do not sufficiently benefit from them. Identifying the active components could help improve the effectiveness of SAD treatment.

Predicting the outcome of psychotherapy for chronic depression by person-specific symptom networks.

Psychotherapies are efficacious in the treatment of depression, albeit only with a moderate effect size. It is hoped that personalization of treatment can lead to better outcomes. The network theory of psychopathology offers a novel approach suggesting that symptom interactions as displayed in person-specific symptom networks could guide treatment planning for an individual patient.

Childhood maltreatment as predictor and moderator for treatment outcome in patients with major depressive disorders treated with metacognitive therapy or behavioral activation.

Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) is a risk factor for developing and maintaining depression. It is unclear whether CM influences the effect of treatments for depression. This study examined CM's predictor and moderator effect in Behavioral Activation (BA) and Metacognitive Therapy (MCT).

Adverse Events of Psychological Interventions: Definitions, Assessment, Current State of the Research and Implications for Research and Clinical Practice.

Background: The effectiveness of psychological interventions is undisputed. But while in other fields of health care the safety of interventions is studied alongside effectiveness, adverse events (AEs) have only recently been assessed in clinical studies of psychological interventions. This critical review summarizes the definition, assessment and current research status of AEs of psychological interventions.

The Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Compared to Schema Therapy for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: In the treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD), there is empirical support for both dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) and schema therapy (ST); these treatments have never been compared directly. This study examines whether either of them is more effective than the other in treating patients with BPD.

Methods: In this randomized, parallel-group, rater-blind clinical trial, outpatients aged between 18 and 65 years with a primary diagnosis of BPD were recruited in a tertiary outpatient treatment center (Lübeck, Germany).

The long shadow of early-change patterns: a 3-year follow-up after the use of a web-based intervention for mild to moderate depressive symptoms.

Web-based interventions can be effective in treating depressive symptoms. Patients with risk not responding to treatment have been identified by early change patterns. This study aims to examine whether early changes are superior to baseline parameters in predicting long-term outcome.

Symptom-specific improvement across therapies and their putative mediators: A mediation network intervention analysis.

Objective: We evaluated differential treatment effects on specific symptoms and their mediators for Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and Supportive Psychotherapy (SP) in persistently depressed patients.

Method: We conducted a Bayesian mediation network intervention analysis with data from a randomized controlled trial comparing CBASP and SP. Three networks were calculated to investigate (1) differential treatment effects on specific symptoms, (2) differential treatment effects on the potential mediators interpersonal problems and social functioning, and (3) associations between change in symptoms and change in the potential mediators.

[Efficacy of internet-based interventions for depression available in Germany-A systematic review and meta-analysis].

Background: Internet-based interventions (IBIs) for the treatment of depression have been found to have positive effects in international meta-analyses; however, it is unclear whether these effects also extend to IBIs specifically available in Germany. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the immediate effects and the long-term effects of IBIs available in Germany free of charge or available on prescription and covered by the public health insurances as so-called digital health applications (DiGAs) and to compare the efficacy of DiGAs and freely available IBIs.

Method: A systematic literature search and random-effects meta-analysis were performed (preregistration: INPLASY202250070).

Implications of the Network Theory for the Treatment of Mental Disorders: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Conceptualizing mental disorders as latent entities has been challenged by the network theory of mental disorders, which states that psychological problems are constituted by a network of mutually interacting symptoms. While the implications of the network approach for planning and evaluating treatments have been intensively discussed, empirical support for the claims of the network theory regarding treatment effects is lacking.

Objective: To assess the extent to which specific hypotheses derived from the network theory regarding the (interindividual) changeability of symptom dynamics in response to treatment align with empirical data.

The Effectiveness of Metacognitive Therapy Compared to Behavioral Activation for Severely Depressed Outpatients: A Single-Center Randomized Trial.

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent and disabling disorder. This study examines two psychotherapy methods for MDD, behavioral activation (BA), and metacognitive therapy (MCT), when applied as outpatient treatments to severely affected patients.

Methods: The study was conducted in a tertiary outpatient treatment center.

Low Self-Esteem and Music Performance Anxiety Can Predict Depression in Musicians.

Background: Music performance anxiety (MPA) is an issue concerning musicians from all levels but is still a rather neglected topic in the education and employment of musicians. This study investigated the link between self-esteem, MPA, and depression within a German-speaking sample of musicians of different professions. The underlying question of this study was generated during psychotherapy treatment of musicians with depression and MPA.

Precuneus connectivity and symptom severity in chronic depression.

Although abnormal resting state connectivity within several brain networks has been repeatedly reported in depression, little is known about connectivity in patients with early onset chronic depression. We compared resting state connectivity in a homogenous sample of 32 unmedicated patients with early onset chronic depression and 40 healthy control participants in a seed-to-voxel-analysis. According to previous meta-analyses on resting state connectivity in depression, 12 regions implicated in default mode, limbic, frontoparietal and ventral attention networks were chosen as seeds.

Optimizing the context of support of web-based self-help in individuals with mild to moderate depressive symptoms: A randomized full factorial trial.

Web-based self-help programs for individuals with depressive symptoms are efficacious. Differences in effect sizes and adherence rates might be due to contextual factors. This randomized factorial trial investigated the effects of four potentially supportive contextual factors on outcome and adherence.

Does childhood emotional abuse moderate the effect of cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy versus meta-cognitive therapy in depression? A propensity score analysis on an observational study.

Background Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and Metacognitive Therapy (MCT) are effective for depression. CBASP might offer most benefit in patients reporting childhood emotional abuse (CEA). This needs to be confirmed in real-world settings and in comparisons with depression-specific psychotherapies.

Differential effect of childhood emotional abuse on present social support in borderline disorder and depression: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Perceived social support (PSS) is a crucial factor in physical and mental health. Previous studies found a negative association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and current PSS.

Objective: In this paper, we investigate whether psychopathology moderates this association in a sample of patients with Depressive Disorder (DD) and Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD).

Investigating Care Dependency and Its Relation to Outcome (ICARE): Results From a Naturalistic Study of an Intensive Day Treatment Program for Depression.

This study explores the association of experienced dependency in psychotherapy as measured with the CDQ (Care Dependency Questionnaire) and treatment outcome in depression. Furthermore, the course of care dependency and differences in the CDQ scores depending on the received type of treatment, MCT (metacognitive therapy), or CBASP (cognitive behavioral analysis system of psychotherapy), were investigated. The study follows a prospective, parallel group observational design.

Effectiveness and safety of the adjunctive use of an internet-based self-management intervention for borderline personality disorder in addition to care as usual: results from a randomised controlled trial.

Importance: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder that is often inadequately treated.

Objective: To determine if adding a self-management intervention to care as usual (CAU) is effective and safe.

Design: Randomised, controlled, rater-blind trial.

Change in Interpersonal and Metacognitive Skills During Treatment With Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy and Metacognitive Therapy: Results From an Observational Study.

Interpersonal skills deficits and dysfunctional metacognitive beliefs have been implicated in the etiology and maintenance of depression. This study aimed to investigate the association between changes in these skills deficits and change in depressive symptoms over the course of treatment with Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) and Metacognitive Therapy (MCT). In this prospective, parallel group observational study, data was collected at baseline and after 8 weeks of an intensive day clinic psychotherapy program.

The mediating effect of difficulties in emotion regulation on the association between childhood maltreatment and borderline personality disorder.

Background: Childhood maltreatment and difficulties in emotion regulation are common in patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Depressive Disorders (DD).

Objective: This study examines differences between patients with BPD and patients with DD, regarding childhood maltreatment and difficulties in emotion regulation as well as the mediating effect of different aspects of emotion regulation deficits on the association between childhood maltreatment and BPD-symptoms.

Method: A total of 305 participants, 177 with BPD and 128 with DD completed an assessment including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), the Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID).

Maintaining Outcomes of Internet-Delivered Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Depression: A Network Analysis of Follow-Up Effects.

Depression is a highly prevalent mental disorder, but only a fraction of those affected receive evidence-based treatments. Recently, Internet-based interventions were introduced as an efficacious and cost-effective approach. However, even though depression is a heterogenous construct, effects of treatments have mostly been determined using aggregated symptom scores.