Translanguaging in the Undergraduate Nursing Classroom: An Educational Innovation.

Background: Translanguaging is "the act performed by bilinguals of accessing different linguistic features or various modes of what are described as autonomous languages in order to maximize communicative potential" (Skutnabb-Kangas et al., 2009). Translanguaging can be used as a tool to empower undergraduate nursing students to use their chosen strongest written language for assignments.

Clinical Behavior and Molecular Landscape of Stage I p53-Abnormal Low-Grade Endometrioid Endometrial Carcinomas.

Purpose: The clinical significance of the p53-abnormal (p53abn) molecular subtype in stage I low-grade endometrioid endometrial carcinoma (EEC) is debated. We aimed to review pathologic and molecular characteristics, and outcomes of stage I low-grade p53abn EEC in a large international cohort.

Experimental Design: Previously diagnosed stage I p53abn EC (POLE-wild-type, mismatch repair-proficient) low-grade EEC from Canadian retrospective cohorts and PORTEC-1&2 trials were included.

Development and Implementation of an Asynchronous Online Interprofessional Course in LGBTQ+ Health.

Background: The lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer or questioning (LGBTQ+) community faces discrimination in health care. Nurses interact with LGBTQ+ individuals in a wide variety of health care settings. Baccalaureate nursing and health professions students do not receive adequate education on topics of LGBTQ+ health in academic or clinical settings, and additional nursing education is needed on LGBTQ+ health.

A Paradoxical Role for Regulatory T Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Pancreatic Cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered to be a poorly immunogenic cancer type that combines a low mutation burden with a strong immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are major drivers of immune suppression but their prognostic role, particularly in gastrointestinal malignancies, remains controversial. Lymphocytic infiltration in 122 PDAC samples was assessed by multispectral immunofluorescence with anti-Keratin, -CD3, -CD8, -FOXP3 and -CD163 antibodies.

Increasing frequency of gene copy number aberrations is associated with immunosuppression and predicts poor prognosis in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Background: Patients with Epstein-Barr virus-positive gastric cancers or those with microsatellite instability appear to have a favourable prognosis. However, the prognostic value of the chromosomal status (chromosome-stable (CS) versus chromosomal instable (CIN)) remains unclear in gastric cancer.

Methods: Gene copy number aberrations (CNAs) were determined in 16 CIN-associated genes in a retrospective study including test and validation cohorts of patients with gastric cancer.

Revising the Role of Integrin Subunit β4 Expression in Colon Cancer Progression and Survival.

Purpose: Integrin subunit β4 (β4) has been proposed to play an important role in colon cancer progression through its involvement in hemidesmosome disassembly processes and tumor cell migration. However, the association between β4 expression and clinicopathological outcomes in colon cancer remains unclear.

Methods: Expression of β4 was assessed by immunohistochemistry in a large cohort of 651 colon cancer patients, the largest colon cancer cohort so far.

Targeting the NAD Salvage Synthesis Pathway as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Osteosarcomas with Low NAPRT Expression.

For osteosarcoma (OS), the most common primary malignant bone tumor, overall survival has hardly improved over the last four decades. Especially for metastatic OS, novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. A hallmark of cancer is aberrant metabolism, which justifies targeting metabolic pathways as a promising therapeutic strategy.

Targeting EML4-ALK gene fusion variant 3 in thyroid cancer.

Finding targetable gene fusions can expand the limited treatment options in radioactive iodine-refractory (RAI-r) thyroid cancer. To that end, we established a novel cell line 'JVE404' derived from an advanced RAI-r papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patient, harboring an EML4-ALK gene fusion variant 3 (v3). Different EML4-ALK gene fusions can have different clinical repercussions.

Performance of a HER2 testing algorithm specific for p53-abnormal endometrial cancer.

Aims: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification in endometrial cancer (EC) is almost completely confined to the p53-abnormal (p53abn) molecular subtype and independent of histological subtype. HER2 testing should therefore be molecular subtype-directed. However, the most optimal approach for HER2 testing in EC has not been fully established.

Non-IDH1-R132H IDH1/2 mutations are associated with increased DNA methylation and improved survival in astrocytomas, compared to IDH1-R132H mutations.

Somatic mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase genes IDH1 and IDH2 occur at high frequency in several tumour types. Even though these mutations are confined to distinct hotspots, we show that gliomas are the only tumour type with an exceptionally high percentage of IDH1 mutations. Patients harbouring IDH1 mutated tumours have lower levels of genome-wide DNA-methylation, and an associated increased gene expression, compared to tumours with other IDH1/2 mutations ("non-R132H IDH1/2 mutations").

Endometrial Cancer Risk in Women With Germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 Mutations: Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Endometrial cancer (EC) risk in BReast CAncer gene 1/2 (BRCA1/2) mutation carriers is uncertain; therefore, we assessed this in a large Dutch nationwide cohort study.

Methods: We selected 5980 BRCA1/2 (3788 BRCA1, 2151 gBRCA2, 41 both BRCA1/BRCA2) and 8451 non-BRCA1/2 mutation carriers from the Hereditary Breast and Ovarian cancer study, the Netherlands cohort. Follow-up started at the date of the nationwide Dutch Pathology Registry coverage (January 1, 1989) or at the age of 25 years (whichever came last) and ended at date of EC diagnosis, last follow-up, or death (whichever came first).

Beyond the Influence of Mutations: Exploring Epigenetic Vulnerabilities in Chondrosarcoma.

Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase ( or ) genes are common in enchondromas and chondrosarcomas, and lead to elevated levels of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate causing widespread changes in the epigenetic landscape of these tumors. With the use of a DNA methylation array, we explored whether the methylome is altered upon progression from mutant enchondroma towards high-grade chondrosarcoma. High-grade tumors show an overall increase in the number of highly methylated genes, indicating that remodeling of the methylome is associated with tumor progression.

Spatial profiling of gastric cancer patient-matched primary and locoregional metastases reveals principles of tumour dissemination.

Objective: Endoscopic mucosal biopsies of primary gastric cancers (GCs) are used to guide diagnosis, biomarker testing and treatment. Spatial intratumoural heterogeneity (ITH) may influence biopsy-derived information. We aimed to study ITH of primary GCs and matched lymph node metastasis (LN).

Lack of myeloid cell infiltration as an acquired resistance strategy to immunotherapy.

Background: Immunotherapy of cancer is successful but tumor regression often is incomplete and followed by escape. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this acquired resistance will aid the development of more effective treatments.

Methods: We exploited a mouse model where tumor-specific therapeutic vaccination results in tumor regression, followed by local recurrence and resistance.

Developments in the Histopathological Classification of ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis.

Background And Objectives: The histopathologic classification for ANCA-associated GN distinguishes four classes on the basis of patterns of injury. In the original validation study, these classes were ordered by severity of kidney function loss as follows: focal, crescentic, mixed, and sclerotic. Subsequent validation studies disagreed on outcomes in the crescentic and mixed classes.

Metabolic reprogramming related to whole-chromosome instability in models for Hürthle cell carcinoma.

Hürthle cell carcinoma (HCC) is a recurrent subtype of non-medullary thyroid cancer. HCC is characterized by profound whole-chromosome instability (w-CIN), resulting in a near-homozygous genome (NHG), a phenomenon recently attributed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during mitosis by malfunctioning mitochondria. We studied shared metabolic traits during standard and glucose-depleted cell culture in thyroid cancer cell lines (TCCLs), with or without a NHG, using quantitative analysis of extra and intracellular metabolites and ROS production following inhibition of complex III with antimycin A.

Genome-wide analysis of constitutional DNA methylation in familial melanoma.

Background: Heritable epigenetic alterations have been proposed as an explanation for familial clustering of melanoma. Here we performed genome-wide DNA methylation analysis on affected family members not carrying pathogenic variants in established melanoma susceptibility genes, compared with healthy volunteers.

Results: All melanoma susceptibility genes showed the absence of epimutations in familial melanoma patients, and no loss of imprinting was detected.

Genome-wide characterization of 5-hydoxymethylcytosine in melanoma reveals major differences with nevus.

Melanoma demonstrates altered patterns of DNA methylation that are associated with genetic instability and transcriptional repression of numerous genes. Active DNA demethylation is mediated by TET enzymes that catalyze conversion of 5-methylcytosine (mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (hmC). Loss of hmC occurs in melanoma and correlates with disease progression.

Neoantigen-specific immunity in low mutation burden colorectal cancers of the consensus molecular subtype 4.

Background: The efficacy of checkpoint blockade immunotherapies in colorectal cancer is currently restricted to a minority of patients diagnosed with mismatch repair-deficient tumors having high mutation burden. However, this observation does not exclude the existence of neoantigen-specific T cells in colorectal cancers with low mutation burden and the exploitation of their anti-cancer potential for immunotherapy. Therefore, we investigated whether autologous neoantigen-specific T cell responses could also be observed in patients diagnosed with mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancers.

Correction to: KRAS status is related to histological phenotype in gastric cancer: results from a large multicentre study.

In the original publication of this article, Fig. 2 was published incorrectly. The correct Fig.

Reproducibility of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) assessment in endometrial cancer.

Aims: Lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) in endometrial cancer (EC) is an important prognostic variable impacting on a patient's individual recurrence risk and adjuvant treatment recommendations. Recent work has shown that grading the extent of LVSI further improves its prognostic strength in patients with stage I endometrioid EC. Despite this, there is little information on the reproducibility of LVSI assessment in EC.

KRAS status is related to histological phenotype in gastric cancer: results from a large multicentre study.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is histologically a very heterogeneous disease, and the temporal development of different histological phenotypes remains unclear. Recent studies in lung and ovarian cancer suggest that KRAS activation (KRASact) can influence histological phenotype. KRASact likely results from KRAS mutation (KRASmut) or KRAS amplification (KRASamp).

Allelic Switching of , , and during Colorectal Cancer Tumorigenesis.

Allele-specific expression (ASE) is found in approximately 20-30% of human genes. During tumorigenesis, ASE changes due to somatic alterations that change the regulatory landscape. In colorectal cancer (CRC), many chromosomes show frequent gains or losses while homozygosity of chromosome 7 is rare.

Erratum: Molecular profiling of colorectal tumors stratified by the histological tumor-stroma ratio - Increased expression of galectin-1 in tumors with high stromal content.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25845.