Temperamental activation and inhibition associated with autonomic function in preadolescents. The TRAILS study.

We investigated the temperamental traits high-intensity pleasure (temperamental activation) and shyness (temperamental inhibition) in relation to autonomic function as measured by heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in 938 10-13-year-old preadolescents from a population cohort. Temperament was evaluated by parent reports on the Revised Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire. Autonomic measurements were obtained in supine and standing position.

Development and validation of an international risk prediction algorithm for episodes of major depression in general practice attendees: the PredictD study.

Context: Strategies for prevention of depression are hindered by lack of evidence about the combined predictive effect of known risk factors.

Objectives: To develop a risk algorithm for onset of major depression.

Design: Cohort of adult general practice attendees followed up at 6 and 12 months.

Prevalence of common mental disorders in general practice attendees across Europe.

Background: There is evidence that the prevalence of common mental disorders varies across Europe.

Aims: To compare prevalence of common mental disorders in general practice attendees in six European countries.

Method: Unselected attendees to general practices in the UK, Spain, Portugal, Slovenia, Estonia and The Netherlands were assessed for major depression, panic syndrome and other anxiety syndrome.

The association between neuroticism and self-reported common somatic symptoms in a population cohort.

Objective: To test the hypotheses that (1) neuroticism is associated with self-reported somatic symptoms; (2) this association is especially found with regard to psychosomatic symptoms; and (3) it is not solemnly explained by somatic reflections of psychological distress.

Methods: We studied the cross-sectional association between neuroticism (as measured by EPQ-RSS-N), psychological distress (as measured by GHQ-12 sum score), and the occurrence of 22 common somatic symptoms by linear and logistic regression analyses in a population cohort of 6894 participants.

Results: Neuroticism is more strongly associated with the total number of somatic symptoms reported (beta=.

Externalizing and internalizing problems in relation to autonomic function: a population-based study in preadolescents.

Objective: To investigate whether externalizing and internalizing problems are related to lower and higher heart rate (HR), respectively, and to explore the relationship of these problems with respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Moreover, to study whether problems present at both preschool and preadolescent age show stronger associations with autonomic function than those that were not.

Method: In a population cohort of 10- to 13-year-old children (N = 931; 11.

Accident proneness, does it exist? A review and meta-analysis.

Accident related health problems have been suggested to cluster within persons. This phenomenon became known as accident proneness and has been a subject of many discussions. This study provides an overview of accident proneness.

Genetic influences on baroreflex sensitivity during rest and mental stress.

Objective: Baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) is a predictor of cardiovascular mortality and an indicator of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic regulation. Although the BRS is influenced by genetic factors, the evidence is limited, and it is unknown whether contributions of genes and environment to individual variation in BRS differ during rest and mental stress conditions.

Design And Methods: In 250 female twins, electrocardiogram and continuous finger blood pressure (BP) were assessed during two rest and two mental stress conditions.

Spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity in (pre)adolescents.

Objective: To present normal spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) values and investigate the influence of posture, sex, age, pubertal stage, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity level on BRS in (pre)adolescents. BRS is a sensitive measure of both sympathetic and parasympathetic cardiovascular regulation that may help detect early subclinical autonomic dysfunction.

Design: A cross-sectional cohort study in a large sample of 10-13-year-old Dutch (pre)adolescents from the general population.

Prediction of depression in European general practice attendees: the PREDICT study.

Background: Prevention of depression must address multiple risk factors. Estimating overall risk across a range of putative risk factors is fundamental to prevention of depression. However, we lack reliable and valid methods of risk estimation.