Enhancement of biocompatibility of anodic nanotube structures on biomedical Ti-6Al-4V alloy via ultrathin TiO coatings.

This work aims to describe the effect of the surface modification of TiO nanotube (TNT) layers on Ti-6Al-4V (TiAlV) alloy by ultrathin TiO coatings prepared via Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) on the growth of MG-63 osteoblastic cells. The TNT layers with two distinctly different inner diameters, namely ∼15 nm and ∼50 nm, were prepared via anodic oxidation of the TiAlV alloy. Flat, i.

Ultrathin TiO Coatings via Atomic Layer Deposition Strongly Improve Cellular Interactions on Planar and Nanotubular Biomedical Ti Substrates.

This work aims to investigate the chemical and/or structural modification of Ti and Ti-6Al-4V (TiAlV) alloy surfaces to possess even more favorable properties toward cell growth. These modifications were achieved by (i) growing TiO nanotube layers on these substrates by anodization, (ii) surface coating by ultrathin TiO atomic layer deposition (ALD), or (iii) by the combination of both. In particular, an ultrathin TiO coating, achieved by 1 cycle of TiO ALD, was intended to shade the impurities of F- and V-based species in tested materials while preserving the original structure and morphology.

Flow-through Gas Phase Photocatalysis Using TiO Nanotubes on Wirelessly Anodized 3D-Printed TiNb Meshes.

In this work, for the first time 3D Ti-Nb meshes of different composition, i.e., Ti, Ti-1Nb, Ti-5Nb, and Ti-10 Nb, were produced by direct ink writing.

Fast-Charging Capability of Thin-Film Prussian Blue Analogue Electrodes for Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries.

Prussian blue analogues are considered as promising candidates for aqueous sodium-ion batteries providing a decently high energy density for stationary energy storage. However, suppose the operation of such materials under high-power conditions could be facilitated. In that case, their application might involve fast-response power grid stabilization and enable short-distance urban mobility due to fast re-charging.

Enhanced CO Functionality on Carbon Papers Ensures Lowering Nucleation Delay of ALD for Ru towards Unprecedented Alkaline HER Activity.

The success in lowering the nucleation delay for Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) of Ru on carbon surfaces is mitigated by constructive pretreatments resulting enhancement of CO functionality. Treatment of the carbon papers (CP) allowed Ru species deposition for minimum number of ALD cycles (25 cycles) with good conformality. The development of electrocatalysts from single atoms to nanoparticles (NPs) on conductive supports with low metal loadings, thus improving performance, is essential in electrocatalysis.

Gigahertz-Based Visible Light Detection Enabled via CdS-Coated TiO Nanotube Layers.

Detection of visible light is a key component in material characterization techniques and often a key component of quality or purity control analyses for health and safety applications. Here in this work, to enable visible light detection at gigahertz frequencies, a planar microwave resonator is integrated with high aspect ratio TiO nanotube (TNT) layer-sensitized CdS coating using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique. This unique method of visible light detection with microwave-based sensing improves integration of the light detection devices with digital technology.

2D FeS Nanosheets by Atomic Layer Deposition: Electrocatalytic Properties for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

2-dimensional FeS nanosheets of different sizes are synthesized by applying different numbers of atomic layer deposition (ALD) cycles on TiO nanotube layers and graphite sheets as supporting materials and used as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrochemical results confirm electrocatalytic activity in alkaline media with outstanding long-term stability (>65 h) and enhanced catalytic activity, reflected by a notable drop in the initial HER overpotential value (up to 26 %). By using a range of characterization techniques, the origin of the enhanced catalytic activity was found to be caused by the synergistic interplay between in situ morphological and compositional changes in the 2D FeS nanosheets during HER.

Transcriptomic hallmarks of in vitro TiO nanotubes toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Recently, more accessible transcriptomic approaches have provided a new and deeper understanding of environmental toxicity. The present study focuses on the transcriptomic profiles of green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exposed to new industrially promising material, TiO nanotubes (NTs), as an example of a widely used one-dimensional nanomaterial. The first algal in vitro assay included 2.

Photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants on nanostructured TiO films of various thickness and surface area.

This work deals with the preparation of TiO nanoparticulate layers of various mass (0.05 mg/cm to 2 mg/cm) from three commercial nanopowder materials, P90, P25 and CG 300, their characterisation (profilometry, BET and SEM) and evaluation of their photocatalytic activity in the gaseous phase in a flow-through photoreactor according to the ISO standard (ISO 22197-2). Hexane was chosen as a single model pollutant and a mixture of four compounds, namely acetaldehyde, acetone, heptane and toluene was used for the evaluation of the efficiency of simultaneous removal of several pollutants.

Evaluating the Use of TiO Nanoparticles for Toxicity Testing in Pulmonary A549 Cells.

Purpose: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles, 25 nm in size of crystallites (TiO P25), are among the most produced nanomaterials worldwide. The broad use of TiO P25 in material science has implied a request to evaluate their biological effects, especially in the lungs. Hence, the pulmonary A549 cell line has been used to estimate the effects of TiO P25.

SiO Fibers of Two Lengths and Their Effect on Cellular Responses of Macrophage-like Cells.

The immunoreactivity or/and stress response can be induced by nanomaterials' different properties, such as size, shape, etc. These effects are, however, not yet fully understood. This study aimed to clarify the effects of SiO nanofibers (SiONFs) on the cellular responses of THP-1-derived macrophage-like cells.

The centrifugal spinning of vitamin doped natural gum fibers for skin regeneration.

The study investigates the use of fiber carriers, based on biopolymeric gums as potential candidates for cosmetic and dermatological applications, in particular for skin regeneration. Gum arabic (GA), xanthan gum (XA), and gum karaya (GK) were used as the main gum materials for the fibers, which were prepared by centrifugal spinning from an aqueous solution. These solutions of different mass gum ratios were blended with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) for better spinnability.

Deposition of MoSe flakes using cyclic selenides.

The currently limited portfolio of volatile organoselenium compounds used for atomic layer deposition (ALD) has been extended by designing and preparing a series of four-, five- and six-membered cyclic silylselenides. Their fundamental properties were tailored by alternating the ring size, the number of embedded Se atoms and the used peripheral alkyl chains. In contrast to former preparations based on formation of sodium or lithium selenides, the newly developed synthetic method utilizes a direct and easy reaction of elemental selenium with chlorosilanes.

Enzyme-Photocatalyst Tandem Microrobot Powered by Urea for Escherichia coli Biofilm Eradication.

Urinary-based infections affect millions of people worldwide. Such bacterial infections are mainly caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilm formation in the bladder and/or urinary catheters.

High-Frequency TiO Nanotube-Adapted Microwave Coplanar Waveguide Resonator for High-Sensitivity Ultraviolet Detection.

Ultraviolet (UV) sensors are a key component in growing applications such as water quality treatment and environmental monitoring, with considerable interest in their miniaturization and enhanced operation. This work presents a passive gold coplanar waveguide split ring resonator integrated with anodic self-organized TiO nanotube (TNT) membranes with a thickness of 20 μm to provide real-time UV detection. The resonator operated as a one-port device to capture the reflection coefficient () signal, with a center frequency of 16 GHz and a notch amplitude of -88 dB.

Removal of Ibuprofen from Water by Different Types Membranes.

Ibuprofen separation from water by adsorption and pertraction processes has been studied, comparing 16 different membranes. Tailor-made membranes based on Matrimid, Ultem, and diaminobenzene/diaminobenzoic acid with various contents of zeolite and graphene oxide, have been compared to the commercial polystyrene, polypropylene, and polydimethylsiloxane polymeric membranes. Experimental results revealed lower ibuprofen adsorption onto commercial membranes than onto tailor-made membranes (10-15% compared to 50-70%).

Diamond Coating Reduces Nuclear Fuel Rod Corrosion at Accidental Temperatures: The Role of Surface Electrochemistry and Semiconductivity.

If we want to decrease the probability of accidents in nuclear reactors, we must control the surface corrosion of the fuel rods. In this work we used a diamond coating containing <60% diamond and >40% sp "soft" carbon phase to protect Zr alloy fuel rods (ZIRLO) against corrosion in steam at temperatures from 850 °C to 1000 °C. A diamond coating was grown in a pulse microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus and made a strong barrier against hydrogen uptake into ZIRLO (ZIRLO) under all tested conditions.

Anodic TiO Nanotubes on 3D-Printed Titanium Meshes for Photocatalytic Applications.

In this work, large 3D Ti meshes fabricated by direct ink writing were wirelessly anodized for the first time to prepare highly photocatalytically active TiO nanotube (TNT) layers. The use of bipolar electrochemistry enabled the fabrication of TNT layers within the 3D Ti meshes without the establishment of an electrical contact between Ti meshes and the potentiostat, confirming its unique ability and advantage for the synthesis of anodic structures on metallic substrates with a complex geometry. TNT layers with nanotube diameters of up to 110 nm and thicknesses of up to 3.

Electrochemical Corrosion Tests in Low-Conductivity Ethanol-Gasoline Blends: Application of Supporting Electrolyte for Contaminated E5 and E10 Fuels.

Ethanol-based E5 and E10 fuels have extensively been used as automotive fuels in gasoline engines. However, especially when contaminated, these fuels can exhibit corrosion effects on some engine construction parts such as mild steel. Thus, the study of mild steel corrosion resistance has become of the utmost importance.

ALD coating of centrifugally spun polymeric fibers and postannealing: case study for nanotubular TiO photocatalyst.

This work describes the synthesis of highly photocatalytically active TiO tubes (TiTBs) by combining centrifugal spinning and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) fibers were first produced by centrifugal spinning and subsequently coated with TiO with various film thicknesses in a fluidized bed ALD reactor. After annealing of the TiO ALD coated PVP fibers, TiO tubes (TiTBs) with excellent textural properties and diameters in the range from approx.

Organoselenium Precursors for Atomic Layer Deposition.

Organoselenium compounds with perspective application as Se precursors for atomic layer deposition have been reviewed. The originally limited portfolio of available Se precursors such as HSe and diethyl(di)selenide has recently been extended by bis(trialkylsilyl)selenides, bis(trialkylstannyl)selenides, cyclic selenides, and tetrakis(,-dimethyldithiocarbamate)selenium. Their structural aspects, property tuning, fundamental properties, and preparations are discussed.

Chiral Templating of Polycarbonate Membranes by Pinene Using the Modified Atomic Layer Deposition Approach.

In this article, chiral templating of a polycarbonate (PC) membrane by (-)-α-pinene using the atomic layer deposition (ALD) approach is investigated. The templating with the enantiomer of (-)-α-pinene, used as a case compound, was performed either on the original commercial PC membrane or on the PC membrane with a beforehand deposited AlO layer. The efficiency of the templating was assessed by a difference in the membrane ability to adsorb/absorb (-)-α-pinene, (+)-α-pinene, and their racemic mixture, using a very sensitive gas sorption analyzer.

Thin TiO Coatings by ALD Enhance the Cell Growth on TiO Nanotubular and Flat Substrates.

The present work exploits Ti sheets and TiO nanotube (TNT) layers and their surface modifications for the proliferation of different cells. Ti sheets with a native oxide layer, Ti sheets with a crystalline thermal oxide layer, and two kinds of TNT layers (prepared via electrochemical anodization) with a defined inner diameter of 12 and 15 nm were used as substrates. A part of the Ti sheets and the TNT layers was additionally coated by thin TiO coatings using atomic layer deposition (ALD).

Mechanical properties of a biodegradable self-expandable polydioxanone monofilament stent: In vitro force relaxation and its clinical relevance.

Biodegradable stents are promising treatments for many diseases, e.g., coronary artery disease, urethral diseases, tracheal diseases, and esophageal strictures.

Atomic Layer Deposition of SnO-Coated Anodic One-Dimensional TiO Nanotube Layers for Low Concentration NO Sensing.

The continuous emission of nitrous oxides contributes to the overall air pollution and deterioration of air quality. In particular, an effective NO sensor capable of low concentration detection for continuous monitoring is demanded for safety, health, and wellbeing. The sensing performance of a metal oxide-based sensor is predominantly influenced by the availability of surface area for O adsorption and desorption, efficient charge transport, and size or thickness of the sensing layer.