Solving Inverse Problems With Deep Neural Networks - Robustness Included?

In the past five years, deep learning methods have become state-of-the-art in solving various inverse problems. Before such approaches can find application in safety-critical fields, a verification of their reliability appears mandatory. Recent works have pointed out instabilities of deep neural networks for several image reconstruction tasks.

Detecting failure modes in image reconstructions with interval neural network uncertainty.

Purpose: The quantitative detection of failure modes is important for making deep neural networks reliable and usable at scale. We consider three examples for common failure modes in image reconstruction and demonstrate the potential of uncertainty quantification as a fine-grained alarm system.

Methods: We propose a deterministic, modular and lightweight approach called Interval Neural Network (INN) that produces fast and easy to interpret uncertainty scores for deep neural networks.

Providing additional information about the benefits of statins in a leaflet for patients with coronary heart disease: a qualitative study of the impact on attitudes and beliefs.

Objective: To explore the impact of providing additional information about the potential benefits of simvastatin in a patient leaflet on attitudes and beliefs.

Design: Interview-based study using a generic qualitative approach and framework analysis.

Participants: 21 participants receiving a prescription for simvastatin were recruited from a general practitioner practice (from a total of 120).

Do Patients Use a Headline Section in a Leaflet to Find Key Information About Their Medicines? Findings From a User-Test Study.

Background: In the European Union (EU), all medicines are mandated to be provided with a patient information leaflet (PIL). Many patients express concerns about the length and complexity of some PILs, and this can be a disincentive for patients to read the PILS. In order to address this, the UK's regulatory body (Medicine and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency [MHRA]) suggested leaflets might include a headline section-information presented prominently at the beginning of a leaflet that summarizes key safety messages about a drug.

How much information about the benefits of medicines is included in patient leaflets in the European Union? - A survey.

Introduction: Patient information leaflets (PILs) are required with all licensed medicines throughout the European Union (EU) and they must include information about all side effects and their likelihood. This has led to criticism of a lack of balance, with little information included about potential benefits. Recent European Medicines Agency guidance proposed the inclusion of benefit information, and this study examined the current prevalence and type of such information in PILs in the EU.

Changes in Side Effect Risk Communication in Patient Information Leaflets over the Past Decade: Results of a Survey.

Introduction: Patients' perceptions of side effect risks are important influences on their medicine-taking behaviour. A previous survey of Patient Information Leaflets (PILs) showed considerable variation in the terms used to communicate risks.

Objective: Our objective was to assess the methods used to describe risk of side effects in recent PILs and to compare them with PILs sampled in 2006.

Noninvasive imaging of cell death using an Hsp90 ligand.

Cell death plays a central role in normal physiology and in disease. Common to apoptotic and necrotic cell death is the eventual loss of plasma membrane integrity. We have produced a small organoarsenical compound, 4-(N-(S-glutathionylacetyl)amino)phenylarsonous acid, that rapidly accumulates in the cytosol of dying cells coincident with loss of plasma membrane integrity.