Impairments in psychological functioning in refugees and asylum seekers.

Refugees are at increased risk for developing psychological impairments due to stressors in the pre-, peri- and post-migration periods. There is limited knowledge on how everyday functioning is affected by migration experience. In a secondary analysis of a study in a sample of refugees and asylum seekers, it was examined how aspects of psychological functioning were differentially affected.

Trajectories of psychosocial symptoms and wellbeing in asylum seekers and refugees exposed to traumatic events and resettled in Western Europe, Turkey, and Uganda.

Longitudinal studies examining mental health trajectories in refugees and asylum seekers are scarce. To investigate trajectories of psychological symptoms and wellbeing in refugees and asylum seekers, and identify factors associated with these trajectories. 912 asylum seekers and refugees from the control arm of three trials in Europe ( = 229), Turkey ( = 320), and Uganda ( = 363) were included.

Effectiveness of Self-Help Plus in Preventing Mental Disorders in Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Western Europe: A Multinational Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Self-Help Plus (SH+) is a group-based psychological intervention developed by the World Health Organization for managing stress.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of SH+ in preventing mental disorders in refugees and asylum seekers in Western Europe.

Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in 5 European countries.

Self-help plus for refugees and asylum seekers; study protocol for a series of individual participant data meta-analyses.

Background: Refugees and asylum seekers face various stressors due to displacement and are especially vulnerable to common mental disorders. To effectively manage psychological distress in this population, innovative interventions are required. The World Health Organization (WHO) Self-Help Plus (SH+) intervention has shown promising outcomes in reducing symptoms of common mental disorders among refugees and asylum seekers.

Elevated serum magnesium lowers calcification propensity in Memo1-deficient mice.

MEdiator of cell MOtility1 (MEMO1) is a ubiquitously expressed redox protein involved in extracellular ligand-induced cell signaling. We previously reported that inducible whole-body Memo1 KO (cKO) mice displayed a syndrome of premature aging and disturbed mineral metabolism partially recapitulating the phenotype observed in Klotho or Fgf23-deficient mouse models. Here, we aimed at delineating the contribution of systemic mineral load on the Memo1 cKO mouse phenotype.

Genomic Sequencing Capacity, Data Retention, and Personal Access to Raw Data in Europe.

Whole genome/exome sequencing (WGS/WES) has become widely adopted in research and, more recently, in clinical settings. Many hope that the information obtained from the interpretation of these data will have medical benefits for patients and-in some cases-also their biological relatives. Because of the manifold possibilities to reuse genomic data, enabling sequenced individuals to access their own raw (uninterpreted) genomic data is a highly debated issue.

Lack of Renal Tubular Glucocorticoid Receptor Decreases the Thiazide-Sensitive Na/Cl Cotransporter NCC and Transiently Affects Sodium Handling.

Chronic glucocorticoid infusion impairs NCC activity and induces a non-dipping profile in mice, suggesting that glucocorticoids are essential for daily blood pressure variations. In this paper, we studied mice lacking the renal tubular glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in adulthood (GR knockouts, ). Upon standard salt diet, mice grow normally, but show reduced NCC activity despite normal plasma aldosterone levels.

Correction to: Surgeon experience with dynamic intraligamentary stabilization does not influence risk of failure.

The original version of this article unfortunately contains mistake in Table 4.

Renal Memo1 Differentially Regulates the Expression of Vitamin D-Dependent Distal Renal Tubular Calcium Transporters.

Ablation of the Mediator of ErbB2-driven Cell Motility 1 (Memo1) in mice altered calcium homeostasis and renal calcium transporter abundance by an unknown mechanism. Here, we investigated the role of intrarenal Memo in renal calcium handling. We have generated a mouse model of inducible kidney-specific deletion.

Plasma Potassium Determines NCC Abundance in Adult Kidney-Specific ENaC Knockout.

The amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) and the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter (NCC) are key regulators of sodium and potassium and colocalize in the late distal convoluted tubule of the kidney. Loss of the ENaC subunit leads to a perinatal lethal phenotype characterized by sodium loss and hyperkalemia resembling the human syndrome pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA-I). In adulthood, inducible nephron-specific deletion of ENaC in mice mimics the lethal phenotype observed in neonates, and as in humans, this phenotype is prevented by a high sodium (HNa)/low potassium (LK) rescue diet.

Improved Detection of Small Pulmonary Nodules Through Simultaneous MR/PET Imaging.

Magnetic resonance (MR)/PET scanners provide an imaging platform that enables simultaneous acquisition of MR and PET data in perfect spatial and temporal registration. This feature allows improving image quality for the MR and PET images obtained during the course of an examination. In this work the authors demonstrate the use of prospective MR-based motion tracking information for removing motion blur in MR/PET images of small pulmonary nodules.

Men's Views on Depression: A Systematic Review and Metasynthesis of Qualitative Research.

Background: According to the concept of "male depression," depression among men might be underdiagnosed and undertreated because of gender differences in symptoms and coping. There is evidence that men experience atypical depressive symptoms including irritability, aggression, substance abuse, and increased risk behavior. To date, a substantial number of qualitative studies on men's views on depression has been conducted in the last few decades.

Joint MR-PET Reconstruction Using a Multi-Channel Image Regularizer.

While current state of the art MR-PET scanners enable simultaneous MR and PET measurements, the acquired data sets are still usually reconstructed separately. We propose a new multi-modality reconstruction framework using second order Total Generalized Variation (TGV) as a dedicated multi-channel regularization functional that jointly reconstructs images from both modalities. In this way, information about the underlying anatomy is shared during the image reconstruction process while unique differences are preserved.

IT'S ABOUT THE PEOPLE, NOT BEING THE BOSS.

The best leaders are those who share ideas and credit, ultimately fostering work cultures that allow powerful teams to thrive. In the end, the organizations benefit from engaged, enthusiastic employees.

The evidence-practice gap in specialist mental healthcare: systematic review and meta-analysis of guideline implementation studies.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines are not easily implemented, leading to a gap between research synthesis and their use in routine care.

Aims: To summarise the evidence relating to the impact of guideline implementation on provider performance and patient outcomes in mental healthcare settings, and to explore the performance of different strategies for guideline implementation.

Method: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and before-and-after studies comparing guideline implementation strategies v.

Adult nephron-specific MR-deficient mice develop a severe renal PHA-1 phenotype.

Aldosterone is the main mineralocorticoid hormone controlling sodium balance, fluid homeostasis, and blood pressure by regulating sodium reabsorption in the aldosterone-sensitive distal nephron (ASDN). Germline loss-of-function mutations of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) in humans and in mice lead to the "renal" form of type 1 pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA-1), a case of aldosterone resistance characterized by salt wasting, dehydration, failure to thrive, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis. To investigate the importance of MR in adult epithelial cells, we generated nephron-specific MR knockout mice (MR(Pax8/LC1)) using a doxycycline-inducible system.

Implementation of treatment guidelines for specialist mental health care.

Background: A huge gap exists between the production of evidence and its take-up in clinical practice settings. To fill this gap, treatment guidelines, based on explicit assessments of the evidence base, are commonly employed in several fields of medicine, including schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders. It remains unclear, however, whether treatment guidelines have any impact on provider performance and patient outcomes, and how implementation should be conducted to maximise benefit.

Comparison between conservative and surgical treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures: outcome of 151 cases.

Introduction: Midshaft clavicle fractures comprise up to 15% of all adult upper extremity fractures and account for 76% of all clavicle fractures. The treatment of choice remains controversial. The aim of our retrospective study was to compare the outcome of the surgical and conservative procedure in a trauma care unit (single center study).

Renal tubular NEDD4-2 deficiency causes NCC-mediated salt-dependent hypertension.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-2 (encoded by the Nedd4L gene) regulates the amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC/SCNN1) to mediate Na+ homeostasis. Mutations in the human β/γENaC subunits that block NEDD4-2 binding or constitutive ablation of exons 6-8 of Nedd4L in mice both result in salt-sensitive hypertension and elevated ENaC activity (Liddle syndrome). To determine the role of renal tubular NEDD4-2 in adult mice, we generated tetracycline-inducible, nephron-specific Nedd4L KO mice.

Renal tubular HIF-2α expression requires VHL inactivation and causes fibrosis and cysts.

The Hypoxia-inducible transcription Factor (HIF) represents an important adaptive mechanism under hypoxia, whereas sustained activation may also have deleterious effects. HIF activity is determined by the oxygen regulated α-subunits HIF-1α or HIF-2α. Both are regulated by oxygen dependent degradation, which is controlled by the tumor suppressor "von Hippel-Lindau" (VHL), the gatekeeper of renal tubular growth control.

Lineage specification of parietal epithelial cells requires β-catenin/Wnt signaling.

β-Catenin/Wnt signaling is essential during early inductive stages of kidney development, but its role during postinductive stages of nephron development and maturation is not well understood. In this study, we used Pax8Cre mice to target β-catenin deficiency to renal epithelial cells at the late S-shaped body stage and the developing collecting ducts. The conditional β-catenin knockout mice formed abnormal kidneys and had reduced renal function.

Nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin protein indicates activation of wnt signaling in chemically induced rat nephroblastomas.

Aberrant wnt signaling caused by mutations in CTNNB1 occurs in about 15% of Wilms tumors, and these mutations appear to be dependent on the concomitant mutational inactivation of the zinc-finger protein WT1. Nuclear beta-catenin protein, a substitute marker of active wnt signaling, has been detected in an even higher proportion (>50%) of Wilms tumors, suggesting alternative genetic pathways leading to beta-catenin activation. Thus, targeting wnt signaling may become an important future therapeutic strategy in Wilms tumor patients.

Trauma and PTSD in patients with alcohol, drug, or dual dependence: a multi-center study.

Background: We investigated (1) the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in treatment-seeking subjects with substance use dependence (SUD), (2) the association between comorbid PTSD and the severity and course of addiction and psychopathology, and (3) this association in patients with subsyndromal PTSD, and in trauma exposure without PTSD.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 459 subjects in 14 German addiction treatment centers participated with alcohol-dependence (A) in 39.7%, drug-dependence (D) in 33.

Transcutaneous immunization in mice: induction of T-helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and protection against human papillomavirus-induced tumors.

Previous reports have shown that transcutaneous immunization (TCI) with proteins or peptides in combination with adjuvants efficiently induces specific cellular and humoral immune responses. However, depending on the kind of skin pretreatment, induction of cellular immune responses was restricted to generation of either specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) or T-helper (Th) cells. In this study, we induced antigen-specific CTL responses together with the appropriate Th responses by TCI of C57BL/6 mice.