Distribution of spine classes shows intra-neuronal dendritic heterogeneity in mouse cortex.

Significance: Neuronal dendritic spines are central elements for memory and learning. Their morphology correlates with synaptic strength and is a proxy for function. Classic light microscopy cannot resolve spine morphology well, and techniques with higher resolution (electron microscopy and super-resolution light microscopy) typically do not provide spine data in large fields of view, e.

A draft genome of the neritid snail Theodoxus fluviatilis.

The neritid snail Theodoxus fluviatilis is found across habitats differing in salinity, from shallow waters along the coast of the Baltic Sea to lakes throughout Europe. Living close to the water surface makes this species vulnerable to changes in salinity in their natural habitat, and the lack of a free-swimming larval stage limits this species' dispersal. Together, these factors have resulted in a patchy distribution of quite isolated populations differing in their salinity tolerances.

STED microscopy reveals dendrite-specificity of spines in turtle cortex.

Dendritic spines are key structures for neural communication, learning and memory. Spine size and shape probably reflect synaptic strength and learning. Imaging with superresolution STED microscopy the detailed shape of the majority of the spines of individual neurons in turtle cortex (Trachemys scripta elegans) revealed several distinguishable shape classes.

Expression levels and activities of energy-yielding ATPases in the oligohaline neritid snail Theodoxus fluviatilis under changing environmental salinities.

The aquatic gastropod Theodoxus fluviatilis occurs in Europe and adjacent areas of Asia. The snail species has formed two genetically closely related subgroups, the freshwater ecotype (FW) and the brackish water ecotype (BW). Other than individuals of the FW ecotype, those of the BW ecotype survive in salinities of up to 28‰.

Impact of Salinity on the Gastrointestinal Bacterial Community of .

Differences in salinity are boundaries that act as barriers for the dispersal of most aquatic organisms. This creates distinctive biota in freshwater and brackish water (mesohaline) environments. To test how saline boundaries influence the diversity and composition of host-associated microbiota, we analyzed the microbiome within the digestive tract of , an organism able to cross the freshwater and mesohaline boundary.

Dominant root locus in state estimator design for material flow processes: A case study of hot strip rolling.

The purpose of the paper is to achieve a constrained estimation of process state variables using the anisochronic state observer tuned by the dominant root locus technique. The anisochronic state observer is based on the state-space time delay model of the process. Moreover the process model is identified not only as delayed but also as non-linear.