Metabolic Brain Changes Can Predict the Underlying Pathology in Neurodegenerative Brain Disorders: A Case Report of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease with Concomitant Parkinson's Disease.

The co-occurrence of multiple proteinopathies is being increasingly recognized in neurodegenerative disorders and poses a challenge in differential diagnosis and patient selection for clinical trials. Changes in brain metabolism captured by positron emission tomography (PET) with F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) allow us to differentiate between different neurodegenerative disorders either by visual exploration or by studying disease-specific metabolic networks in individual patients. However, the impact of multiple proteinopathies on brain metabolism and metabolic networks remains unknown due to the absence of pathological studies.

Detection and localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands on [F]fluorocholine PET/ CT using deep learning - model performance and comparison to human experts.

Background: In the setting of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), [F]fluorocholine PET/CT (FCH-PET) has excellent diagnostic performance, with experienced practitioners achieving 97.7% accuracy in localising hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (HPTT). Due to the relative triviality of the task for human readers, we explored the performance of deep learning (DL) methods for HPTT detection and localisation on FCH-PET images in the setting of PHPT.

Automated differential diagnosis of dementia syndromes using FDG PET and machine learning.

Background: Metabolic brain imaging with 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) is a supportive diagnostic and differential diagnostic tool for neurodegenerative dementias. In the clinic, scans are usually visually interpreted. However, computer-aided approaches can improve diagnostic accuracy.

Disease specific and nonspecific metabolic brain networks in behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia.

Behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is common among young-onset dementia patients. While bvFTD-specific multivariate metabolic brain pattern (bFDRP) has been identified previously, little is known about its temporal evolution, internal structure, effect of atrophy, and its relationship with nonspecific resting-state networks such as default mode network (DMN). In this multicenter study, we explored FDG-PET brain scans of 111 bvFTD, 26 Alzheimer's disease, 16 Creutzfeldt-Jakob's disease, 24 semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (PPA), 18 nonfluent variant PPA and 77 healthy control subjects (HC) from Slovenia, USA, and Germany.

Identification and validation of Alzheimer's disease-related metabolic brain pattern in biomarker confirmed Alzheimer's dementia patients.

Metabolic brain biomarkers have been incorporated in various diagnostic guidelines of neurodegenerative diseases, recently. To improve their diagnostic accuracy a biologically and clinically homogeneous sample is needed for their identification. Alzheimer's disease-related pattern (ADRP) has been identified previously in cohorts of clinically diagnosed patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), meaning that its diagnostic accuracy might have been reduced due to common clinical misdiagnosis.

Metabolic brain pattern in dementia with Lewy bodies: Relationship to Alzheimer's disease topography.

Purpose: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia, that shares clinical and metabolic similarities with both Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In this study we aimed to identify a DLB-related pattern (DLBRP), study its relationship with other metabolic brain patterns and explore its diagnostic and prognostic value.

Methods: A cohort of 79 participants with DLB, 63 with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 41 normal controls (NCs) and their 2-[F]FDG PET scans were analysed for identification and validation of DLBRP.

Diagnostic value of [F]Fluorocholine PET/CT in detection of primary medullary thyroid cancer.

Objective: Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a challenging neuroendocrine malignancy where the role of nuclear medicine imaging is currently limited. This paper investigates the potential diagnostic value of [F]Fluorocholine PET/CT in primary MTC.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 25 patients (10 male, 15 female) with suspicion for primary MTC based on fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB).

Comparison of self-administered survey questionnaire responses collected using mobile apps versus other methods.

Background: Self-administered survey questionnaires are an important data collection tool in clinical practice, public health research and epidemiology. They are ideal for achieving a wide geographic coverage of the target population, dealing with sensitive topics and are less resource-intensive than other data collection methods. These survey questionnaires can be delivered electronically, which can maximise the scalability and speed of data collection while reducing cost.

Thyroid lesions incidentally detected by (18)F-FDG PET-CT - a two centre retrospective study.

Background: Incidental (18)F-FDG uptake in the thyroid on PET-CT examinations represents a diagnostic challenge. The maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) is one possible parameter that can help in distinguishing between benign and malignant thyroid PET lesions.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated (18)F-FDG PET-CT examinations of 5,911 patients performed at two different medical centres from 2010 to 2011.