Comparison of the Diagnostic Yield of Intracoronary Acetylcholine Infusion and Acetylcholine Bolus Injection Protocols During Invasive Coronary Function Testing.

Coronary endothelial dysfunction (CED) and coronary artery spasm (CAS) are causes of angina with no obstructive coronary arteries in patients. Both can be diagnosed by invasive coronary function testing (ICFT) using acetylcholine (ACh). This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of a 3-minute ACh infusion as compared with a 1-minute ACh bolus injection protocol in testing CED and CAS.

Impact of coronary hyperemia on collateral flow correction of coronary microvascular resistance indices.

Recently, a novel method to estimate wedge pressure (P)-corrected minimal microvascular resistance (MR) was introduced. However, this method has not been validated since, and there are some theoretical concerns regarding the impact of different physiological conditions on the derivation of P measurements. This study sought to validate the recently introduced method to estimate P-corrected MR in a Doppler-derived study population and to evaluate the impact of different physiological conditions on the P measurements and the derivation of P-corrected MR.

Bone marrow adipocytes fuel emergency hematopoiesis after myocardial infarction.

After myocardial infarction (MI), emergency hematopoiesis produces inflammatory myeloid cells that accelerate atherosclerosis and promote heart failure. Since the balance between glycolysis and mitochondrial metabolism regulates hematopoietic stem cell homeostasis, metabolic cues may influence emergency myelopoiesis. Here, we show in humans and female mice that hematopoietic progenitor cells increase fatty acid metabolism after MI.

Cardiac output, cerebral blood flow and cognition in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation: design and rationale of the CAPITA study.

Background: Approximately one-third of patients with symptomatic severe aortic valve stenosis who are scheduled for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have some degree of cognitive impairment. TAVI may have negative cognitive effects due to periprocedural micro-emboli inducing cerebral infarction. On the contrary, TAVI may also have positive cognitive effects due to increases in cardiac output and cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Sex differences in prevalence and outcomes of the different endotypes of chronic coronary syndrome in symptomatic patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography: Insights from the global ILIAS invasive coronary physiology registry.

Background And Aims: The management of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) is informed by studies predominantly including men. This study investigated the relationship between patients sex and different endotypes of CCS, including sex-specific clinical outcomes.

Methods: In patients with CCS undergoing coronary angiography, invasive Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR) and Coronary Flow Reserve (CFR) were measured.

Predicted clinical and economic burden associated with reduction in access to acute coronary interventional care during the COVID-19 lockdown in two European countries.

Aims: As a consequence of untimely or missed revascularization of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, many patients died at home or survived with serious sequelae, resulting in potential long-term worse prognosis and related health-economic implications.This analysis sought to predict long-term health outcomes [survival and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs)] and cost of reduced treatment of STEMIs occurring during the first COVID-19 lockdown.

Methods And Results: Using a Markov decision-analytic model, we incorporated probability of hospitalization, timeliness of PCI, and projected long-term survival and cost (including societal costs) of mortality and morbidity, for STEMI occurring during the first UK and Spanish lockdowns, comparing them with expected pre-lockdown outcomes for an equivalent patient group.