Patterns of outcome and toxicity after salvage prostatectomy, salvage cryosurgery and salvage brachytherapy for prostate cancer recurrences after radiation therapy: a multi-center experience and literature review.

Purpose: Current salvage treatments for recurrent prostate cancer after primary radiation therapy include radical prostatectomy, cryosurgery and brachytherapy. Because toxicity and failure rates are considerable, salvage treatments are not commonly performed. As most centers perform only one preferred salvage technique, the literature only describes single-center outcomes from a single salvage technique with a limited number of patients.

Comparison between external beam radiotherapy (70 Gy/74 Gy) and permanent interstitial brachytherapy in 890 intermediate risk prostate cancer patients.

Purpose: Aim of this analysis was to compare biochemical no evidence of disease (bNED) rates in intermediate-risk prostate-cancer patients treated at two centres of excellence using different approaches: permanent interstitial brachytherapy (BT) and external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Materials And Methods: A total of 890 intermediate-risk prostate-cancer patients, who were treated from 1998 to 2008, were identified in the two local databases. In Utrecht 601 patients received I-125 BT applying a dose of 144 Gy.

Prostate brachytherapy and second primary cancer risk: a competitive risk analysis.

Purpose: To assess the risk of second primary cancer (SPC) after [(125)I]iodine prostate cancer brachytherapy compared with prostatectomy and the general population.

Patients And Methods: In a cohort consisting of 1,888 patients with prostate cancer who received monotherapy with brachytherapy (n = 1,187; 63%) or prostatectomy (n = 701; 37%), SPC incidences were retrieved by linkage with the Dutch Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence rates (SIRs) and absolute excess risks (AERs) were calculated for comparison.

Prostate specific antigen bounce is related to overall survival in prostate brachytherapy.

Purpose: To investigate the association between prostate specific antigen (PSA) bounce and disease outcome after prostate brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: We analyzed 975 patients treated with (125)I implantation monotherapy between 1992 and 2006. All patients had tumor Stage ≤ 2c, Gleason score ≤ 7 prostate cancer, a minimum follow-up of 2 years with at least four PSA measurements, and no biochemical failure in the first 2 years.

Survival after prostate brachytherapy in patients aged 60 years and younger.

Objective: • To compare survival after prostate brachytherapy in patients aged ≤60 years with patients aged >60 years.

Patients And Methods: • We analysed 419 locally confined prostate cancer patients, treated between 1989 and 2001 with I-125 implantation monotherapy. • Endpoints were biochemical failure (BF) according to the +2 ng/mL definition, disease-specific and overall survival.

Pretreatment nomogram to predict the risk of acute urinary retention after I-125 prostate brachytherapy.

Purpose: Acute urinary retention (AUR) after iodine-125 (I-125) prostate brachytherapy negatively influences long-term quality of life and therefore should be prevented. We aimed to develop a nomogram to preoperatively predict the risk of AUR.

Methods: Using the preoperative data of 714 consecutive patients who underwent I-125 prostate brachytherapy between 2005 and 2008 at our department, we modeled the probability of AUR.

Influence of dose on risk of acute urinary retention after iodine-125 prostate brachytherapy.

Purpose: To assess the influence of dose on the risk of acute urinary retention (AUR) after iodine-125 prostate brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: Between January 2005 and December 2008, 714 consecutive patients with localized prostate cancer were treated with iodine-125 prostate brachytherapy at our department. All patients completed four imaging studies: magnetic resonance imaging before and 4 weeks after treatment and intraoperative three-dimensional transrectal ultrasonography before and after implantation.

Acute urinary retention after I-125 prostate brachytherapy in relation to dose in different regions of the prostate.

Purpose: To assess the influence of dose in different prostate regions, and the influence of anatomic variation on the risk of acute urinary retention (AUR) after I-125 prostate brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: In this case-control study, dosimetry and anatomy were compared between 50 patients with AUR (cases) and 50 patients without AUR (controls). Cases and controls were randomly selected from our database.

Loose seeds versus stranded seeds in I-125 prostate brachytherapy: differences in clinical outcome.

Purpose: To assess clinical outcome in terms of biochemical No evidence of disease (bNED) for patients with stranded seed implants versus loose seed implants in prostate brachytherapy.

Methods: From December 2000 until October 2006, we treated 896 T< or =2C Nx/0 Mx/0, prostate cancer patients with either stranded seed (n=538) or loose seed (n=358) I-125 implants. A total of 211 patients received a 6 months course of anti-androgen therapy, before treatment, for prostate volume reduction to <50 cc.

MRI-guided robotic system for transperineal prostate interventions: proof of principle.

In this study, we demonstrate the proof of principle of the University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU) robot dedicated to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided interventions in patients. The UMCU robot consists of polymers and non-ferromagnetic materials. For transperineal prostate interventions, it can be placed between the patient's legs inside a closed bore 1.

Health-related quality of life up to six years after (125)I brachytherapy for early-stage prostate cancer.

Purpose: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after prostate brachytherapy has been extensively described in published reports but hardly any long-term data are available. The aim of the present study was to prospectively assess long-term HRQOL 6 years after (125)I prostate brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: A total of 127 patients treated with (125)I brachytherapy for early-stage prostate cancer between December 2000 and June 2003 completed a HRQOL questionnaire at five time-points: before treatment and 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 6 years after treatment.

[Guideline on urothelial carcinoma of the bladder].

Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is diagnosed predominantly in people over 60 years of age. The most common symptom is haematuria. Smoking is an important risk factor (relative risk 2.

Concurrent versus sequential chemotherapy and radiotherapy in limited disease small cell lung cancer: a retrospective comparative study.

Background: Patients with limited-disease small cell lung cancer are treated with chemotherapy and chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy. Treatment schemes with curative intention include sequential or concurrent chemoradiotherapy, both combined with prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI). It is unclear which scheme is superior.

The impact of acute urinary retention after iodine-125 prostate brachytherapy on health-related quality of life.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of acute urinary retention (AUR) in patients treated with (125)I prostate brachytherapy on short- and long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL); and to assess whether pretreatment HRQOL has additional value in the prediction of AUR.

Methods And Materials: For 127 patients treated with (125)I brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer between December 2000 and June 2003, toxicity and HRQOL data were prospectively collected. Patients received a HRQOL questionnaire at five time points: before and 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, and 6 years after treatment.

Treatment outcome and toxicity after salvage 125-I implantation for prostate cancer recurrences after primary 125-I implantation and external beam radiotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the outcome and toxicity after salvage iodine-125 (125-I) implantation in patients with locally recurrent prostate cancer after primary 125-I implantation and external beam radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: Retrospectively, 31 patients were analyzed with pathology-proven local recurrent prostate cancer after primary external beam radiotherapy (n=20) or 125-I implantation (n=11), and who had undergone salvage 125-I implantation between 1994 and 2009. For recording biochemical failure rates, the Phoenix definition and the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology definition were applied.

Focal salvage guided by T2-weighted and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for prostate cancer recurrences.

Purpose: Salvage treatment of the entire prostate for local recurrent cancer after primary radiotherapy is associated with high toxicity rates. Our goal was to show that, using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) for the visualization of a recurrence, focal salvage treatment can be performed, with, potentially, a reduction in toxicity.

Methods And Materials: We performed MRI, including a DCE sequence, in 7 patients with biopsy-proven locally recurrent prostate cancer.

Long-term biochemical and survival outcome of 921 patients treated with I-125 permanent prostate brachytherapy.

Purpose: To assess long-term biochemical and survival outcome after permanent prostate brachytherapy (BT).

Methods And Materials: Data on 921 patients, treated with permanent interstitial BT monotherapy between 1989 and 2004 for View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Body mass index is not a prognostic marker for prostate-specific antigen failure and survival in Dutch men treated with brachytherapy.

Objective: To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and biochemical recurrence (BCR), cancer-specific (CSS) and overall survival (OS) in men treated with permanent prostate brachytherapy (PPB), as there is limited information on the affect of obesity on treatment outcomes for prostate cancer.

Patients And Methods: In all, 1530 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer who underwent PPB were studied. Clinical and pathological data were retrospectively obtained from medical records.

Decline of dose coverage between intraoperative planning and post implant dosimetry for I-125 permanent prostate brachytherapy: comparison between loose and stranded seed implants.

Background And Purpose: In permanent prostate brachytherapy the dose distributions 4 weeks post implant differ from the intraoperative dose distributions. The purpose of this study is to compare intraoperative planning and post implant dosimetry for loose and stranded seed implants.

Materials And Methods: This study investigates prostate dose coverage in 389 patients with stage T1 or T2 prostate cancer treated in the years 2005, 2006 and 2007.

External beam radiation therapy followed by interstitial radiotherapy with iridium-192 for solitary bladder tumours: results of 111 treated patients.

Background: Evaluation of bladder-preserving treatment protocol.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term results of iridium-192 brachytherapy-based bladder-sparing treatment strategy in patients with solitary invasive bladder tumours.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We performed a retrospective analysis of 111 patients with solitary T1G3-T2Gall bladder tumours (< or = 5 cm), who were treated with iridium-afterloading brachytherapy between February 1988 and May 2007.

Local therapy of cancer with free IL-2.

This is a position paper about the therapeutic effects of locally applied free IL-2 in the treatment of cancer. Local therapy: IL-2 therapy of cancer was originally introduced as a systemic therapy. This therapy led to about 20% objective responses.

Measurement of prostate rotation during insertion of needles for brachytherapy.

Background And Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate whether prostate rotation due to needle insertion for prostate brachytherapy is predictable and if so, to quantify this rotation, and to see whether locking needles reduce the magnitude of prostate rotation.

Patients And Methods: The measurements are done at the beginning of the procedure for brachytherapy with a Foley catheter in situ. After a needle is inserted into the prostate, a 3D ultrasound scan is made.

Quality of life of patients after permanent prostate brachytherapy in relation to dosimetry.

Purpose: To investigate changes in quality of life (QoL) after permanent prostate brachytherapy and to correlate these changes with postimplant dosimetry based on magnetic resonance (MR) images.

Methods And Materials: For this study, 127 patients with low-stage prostate cancer and treated with brachytherapy received a QoL questionnaire at five time points: before treatment and at 4 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after treatment. The questionnaire included the RAND-36 generic health survey, the cancer-specific European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) core questionnaire, the tumor-specific EORTC prostate cancer module, and the American Urological Association symptom index.

Treatment of stage III-IV nasopharyngeal carcinomas by external beam irradiation and local low doses of IL-2.

The therapeutic effect of intratumoural application of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) was studied in patients with stage III-IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) that received radiotherapy. Patients with stage III-IV NPC receiving a standard treatment of 7,000 cGy external beam irradiation have a mean disease-free survival of about 1.5 years.