Two Remarks on Graph Norms.

For a graph , its homomorphism density in graphs naturally extends to the space of two-variable symmetric functions in , , denoted by (, ). One may then define corresponding functionals and , and say that is (semi-)norming if is a (semi-)norm and that is weakly norming if is a norm. We obtain two results that contribute to the theory of (weakly) norming graphs.

Intra-amniotic infection and sterile intra-amniotic inflammation in women with preterm labor with intact membranes are associated with a higher rate of species DNA presence in the cervical fluid.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of spp. DNA and its load in the cervical fluid in women with preterm labor with intact membranes (PTL) complicated by intra-amniotic infection (the presence of both microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and intra-amniotic inflammation) or sterile intra-amniotic inflammation (the presence of intra-amniotic inflammation alone).

Methods: Overall, 115 women with singleton pregnancies complicated by PTL between gestational ages of 22 + 0 and 34 + 6 weeks were included in this study.

Assessment of phytotoxicity, environmental and health risks of historical urban park soils.

Urban soil areas can be contaminated with potentially dangerous heavy metals (HM), which might have got there by means of the human activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the contamination level of the city park soils and its impact on urban ecosystem. The indices assessing soil contamination such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Nemerow Pollution Index (IPI), and indices assessing health risks, namely Hazard Index (HI) and Carcinogenic Risk (CR), have been calculated.

Environmental risk assessment and consequences of municipal solid waste disposal.

Effective and efficient assessments of the site conditions are required for the sustainable management of landfills. In this study we propose an evaluation method to determine the degree of environmental contamination by the contest of heavy metals (HM) concentrations in soil and plants (Tanacetum vulgare L., Carduus L.

Oxidative Stress and Heavy Metals in Plants.

Oxidative stress is a pathological process related to not only animal kingdom but also plants. Regarding oxidative stress in plants, heavy metals are frequently discussed as causative stimuli with relevance to ecology. Because heavy metals have broad technological importance, they can easily contaminate the environment.