Development of Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae in vitro in primary and permanent cell lines.

Infections with Eimeria ninakohlyakimovae represent important coccidian diseases of goats severely affecting animal health and profitability of goat industry. For the development of suitable vaccination strategies basic research is needed for which one important prerequisite is the establishment of in vitro cultures guaranteeing the availability of parasitic material. Therefore, primary cell cultures [caprine, bovine and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (CUVEC, BUVEC, HUVEC)] as well as permanent cell lines [bovine foetal gastrointestinal cells (BFGC), bovine colonic epithelial cells (BCEC), African green monkey kidney cells (VERO)] were exposed to vital sporozoites of E.

Neutrophil extracellular trap formation as innate immune reactions against the apicomplexan parasite Eimeria bovis.

Eimeria bovis infections are under immunological control and recent studies have emphasized the role of early PMN-mediated innate immune responses in infected calves. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have recently been demonstrated to act as a killing mechanism of PMN against several pathogens. In the present study, the interactions of bovine PMN with sporozoites of E.

Monocyte- and macrophage-mediated immune reactions against Eimeria bovis.

Innate immune reactions conducted by macrophages may affect the outcome of primary infections and are crucial for the transition to adaptive immune responses. In bovine coccidiosis little is known on early monocyte/macrophage-mediated responses. We therefore investigated in vivo, in vitro and ex vivo reactions of monocytes and macrophages against Eimeria bovis, one of the most pathogenic Eimeria species in cattle.

Cytoskeletal changes in Eimeria bovis-infected host endothelial cells during first merogony.

The first merogony of Eimeria bovis takes place in lymphatic endothelial cells of the ileum, resulting in the formation of macromeronts up to 250 microm. In this study, we investigated the host cell cytoskeleton (actin filaments, microtubules, spectrin, vimentin intermediate filaments) associated with parasitic development in vitro by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) using primary bovine umbilical vein endothelial cells (BUVEC) and bovine spleen lymphatic endothelial cells (BSLEC) as host cells. No prominent changes in the host cell cytoskeleton were detected 1-3 days after E.

PMN-mediated immune reactions against Eimeria bovis.

For successful in vivo infection, Eimeria bovis sporozoites have to traverse the mucosal layer of the ileum to infect lymphatic endothelial cells and may, thereby, be exposed to the interstitial fluid and to the lymph representing potential targets for leukocytes. To mimic this situation in vitro, we exposed E. bovis sporozoites to bovine PMN and found enhanced elimination of the parasites.