Towards Nematic Phases in Ionic Liquid Crystals - A Simulation Study.

Ionic liquid crystals (ILCs) are soft matter materials with broad liquid crystalline phases and intrinsic electric conductivity. They typically consist of a rod-shaped mesogenic ion and a smaller spherical counter-ion. Their mesomorphic properties can be easily tuned by exchanging the counter ion.

Placebo and nocebo responses in randomised, controlled trials of medications for ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The nature and magnitude of placebo and nocebo responses to ADHD medications and the extent to which response to active medications and placebo are inter-correlated is unclear. To assess the magnitude of placebo and nocebo responses to ADHD and their association with active treatment response. We searched literature until June 26, 2019, for published/unpublished double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) of ADHD medication.

Newborn Screening for Vitamin B Non-responsive Classical Homocystinuria: Systematical Evaluation of a Two-Tier Strategy.

Background: In classical homocystinuria (HCU, MIM# 236200) due to the deficiency of cystathionine β-synthase (EC 4.2.1.

Medium-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Evaluation of Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in Patients Detected by Newborn Screening.

Background: Medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (MCADD) is included in many newborn screening programmes worldwide. In addition to the prevalent mutation c.985A>G in the ACADM gene, potentially mild mutations like c.

Diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of inborn errors of creatine metabolism and transport using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in urine, plasma and CSF.

Biochemical detection of inborn errors of creatine metabolism or transport relies on the analysis of three main metabolites in biological fluids: guanidinoacetate (GAA), creatine (CT) and creatinine (CTN). Unspecific clinical presentation of the diseases might be the cause that only few patients have been diagnosed so far. We describe a LC-MS/MS method allowing fast and reliable diagnosis by simultaneous quantification of GAA, CT and CTN in urine, plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and established reference values for each material.

Usefulness of biochemical parameters in decision-making on the start of emergency treatment in patients with propionic acidemia.

Background: Recurrent acute and life-threatening metabolic decompensations are thought to be the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with propionic acidemia (PA). Since metabolic decompensations in these patients usually develop gradually, there is considerable uncertainty about the beginning and when emergency treatment should be initiated. The major aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of biochemical parameters for improving decision-making on the start of emergency treatment.

Visual functions in phenylketonuria-evaluating the dopamine and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids depletion hypotheses.

Background: In phenylketonuria presymptomatic treatment following newborn screening prevents severe mental and physical impairment. The reasons for subtle impairments of cerebral functions despite early treatment remain unclear. We assessed a broad spectrum of visual functions in early-treated patients with phenylketonuria and evaluated two hypotheses-the dopamine and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) depletion hypotheses.

CXC chemokine receptor 7 (CXCR7) regulates CXCR4 protein expression and capillary tuft development in mouse kidney.

Background: The CXCL12/CXCR4 axis is involved in kidney development by regulating formation of the glomerular tuft. Recently, a second CXCL12 receptor was identified and designated CXCR7. Although it is established that CXCR7 regulates heart and brain development in conjunction with CXCL12 and CXCR4, little is known about the influence of CXCR7 on CXCL12 dependent kidney development.

Metabolic decompensation in methylmalonic aciduria: which biochemical parameters are discriminative?

Recurrent, life-threatening metabolic decompensations often occur in patients with methylmalonic aciduria (MMAuria). Our study evaluated (impending) metabolic decompensations in these patients aiming to identify the most frequent and reliable clinical and biochemical abnormalities that could be helpful for decision-making on when to start an emergency treatment. Seventy-six unscheduled and 179 regular visits of 10 patients with confirmed MMAuria continuously followed by our metabolic centre between 1975 and 2009 were analysed.

Cxcr7 controls neuronal migration by regulating chemokine responsiveness.

The chemokine Cxcl12 binds Cxcr4 and Cxcr7 receptors to control cell migration in multiple biological contexts, including brain development, leukocyte trafficking, and tumorigenesis. Both receptors are expressed in the CNS, but how they cooperate during migration has not been elucidated. Here, we used the migration of cortical interneurons as a model to study this process.

Spatial learning and expression patterns of PP1 mRNA in mouse hippocampus.

Background: Synaptic plasticity is believed to be the major cellular basis for learning and memory. Protein phosphorylation is a key process involved in changes in the efficacy of neurotransmission. In long-term changes synaptic plasticity is followed by structural plasticity and protein de novo synthesis.

Stuttering children and the probability of remission--the role of cerebral dominance and speech production.

Objective: The identification of critical characteristics which might predict whether childhood stuttering will become chronic. Part of the study investigates the relationship between hearing and central processing of acoustic stimuli, cerebral dominance and the clinical course of the stuttering.

Methods: A prospective study of 79 stuttering children aged 3-9 years.

PERMEABILITY OF ERYTHROCYTES TO RADIOACTIVE POTASSIUM.

The diffusion coefficients for the exchange of potassium across the membrane of erythrocytes of humans, rats, and rabbits have been determined by the use of artificially radioactive potassium, both into and out of the erythrocytes both in vitro and in vivo. The diffusion coefficients found in minutes(-1) were 0.2 to 0.