Exploiting Mass Spectrometry to Unlock the Mechanism of Nanoparticle-Induced Inflammasome Activation.

Nanoparticles (NPs) elicit sterile inflammation, but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. Here, we report that human monocytes are particularly vulnerable to amorphous silica NPs, as evidenced by single-cell-based analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyToF), while silane modification of the NPs mitigated their toxicity. Using human THP-1 cells as a model, we observed cellular internalization of silica NPs by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) and this was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.

Comment on "Calmangafodipir Reduces Sensory Alterations and Prevents Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers Loss in a Mouse Model of Oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity" 2020, , 594.

We have with enthusiasm read the article "Calmangafodipir Reduces Sensory Alterations and Prevents Intraepidermal Nerve Fibers Loss in a Mouse Model of Oxaliplatin Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity"[...

Effects of thermal annealing on localization and strain in core/multishell GaAs/GaNAs/GaAs nanowires.

Core/shell nanowire (NW) heterostructures based on III-V semiconductors and related alloys are attractive for optoelectronic and photonic applications owing to the ability to modify their electronic structure via bandgap and strain engineering. Post-growth thermal annealing of such NWs is often involved during device fabrication and can also be used to improve their optical and transport properties. However, effects of such annealing on alloy disorder and strain in core/shell NWs are not fully understood.

Evidence that fodipir (DPDP) binds neurotoxic Pt with a high affinity: An electron paramagnetic resonance study.

Oxaliplatin typically causes acute neuropathic problems, which may, in a dose-dependent manner, develop into a chronic form of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), which is associated with retention of Pt in the dorsal root ganglion. A clinical study by Coriat and co-workers suggests that co-treatment with mangafodipir [Manganese(II) DiPyridoxyl DiPhosphate; MnDPDP] cures ongoing CIPN. These authors anticipated that it is the manganese superoxide dismutase mimetic activity of MnDPDP that explains its curative activity.

Band Structure of Wurtzite GaBiAs Nanowires.

We report on the first successful growth of wurtzite (WZ) GaBiAs nanowires (NWs) and reveal the effects of Bi incorporation on the electronic band structure by using polarization-resolved optical spectroscopies performed on individual NWs. Experimental evidence of a decrease in the band-gap energy and an upward shift of the topmost three valence subbands upon the incorporation of Bi atoms is provided, whereas the symmetry and ordering of the valence band states remain unchanged, that is, Γ, Γ, and Γ within the current range of Bi compositions. The extraordinary valence band structure of WZ GaBiAs NWs is explained by anisotropic hybridization and anticrossing between p-like Bi states and the extended valence band states of host WZ GaAs.

Increasing N content in GaNAsP nanowires suppresses the impact of polytypism on luminescence.

Cathodoluminescence (CL) and micro-photoluminescence spectroscopies are employed to investigate effects of structural defects on carrier recombination in GaNAsP nanowires (NWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates. In the NWs with a low N content of 0.08%, these defects are found to promote non-radiative (NR) recombination, which causes spatial variation of the CL peak position and its intensity.

Identification of a Nitrogen-related acceptor in ZnO nanowires.

Nanostructured ZnO, such as ZnO nanowires (NWs), is a promising material system for a wide range of electronic applications ranging from light emission to water splitting. Utilization of ZnO requires development of effective and controllable p-type doping. Nitrogen is considered among key p-type dopants though the exact origin of N-induced acceptors is not fully understood, especially in the case of nanostructured ZnO.

Low-Loss and Tunable Localized Mid-Infrared Plasmons in Nanocrystals of Highly Degenerate InN.

Plasmonic response of free charges confined in nanostructures of plasmonic materials is a powerful means for manipulating the light-material interaction at the nanoscale and hence has influence on various relevant technologies. In particular, plasmonic materials responsive in the mid-infrared range are technologically important as the mid-infrared is home to the vibrational resonance of molecules and also thermal radiation of hot objects. However, the development of the field is practically challenged with the lack of low-loss materials supporting high quality plasmons in this range of the spectrum.

Pretreatment of anaerobic digester samples by hydrochloric acid for solution-state H and C NMR spectroscopic characterization of organic matter.

Pretreatment of anaerobic digester samples by hydrochloric acid (HCl) resulted in removal of Fe-based mineral and coordination compounds, attenuating their interferences with solution-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic characterization of the solid phase organic matter. Substrate (influent) and digestate (effluent) samples from two full-scale anaerobic digesters, designated CD (co-digester) and SSD (sewage sludge digester), were investigated. Pretreatment of CD samples with 0.

Room-temperature InP/InAsP Quantum Discs-in-Nanowire Infrared Photodetectors.

The possibility to engineer nanowire heterostructures with large bandgap variations is particularly interesting for technologically important broadband photodetector applications. Here we report on a combined study of design, fabrication, and optoelectronic properties of infrared photodetectors comprising four million n-i-n InP nanowires periodically ordered in arrays. The nanowires were grown by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy on InP substrates, with either a single or 20 InAsP quantum discs embedded in the i-segment.

Luminescent and Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance Studies of CdS/PVA Nanocomposite.

A series of solid nanocomposites containing CdS nanoparticles in polymeric matrix with varied conditions on the interface particle/polymer was fabricated and studied by photoluminescence (PL) and optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) methods. The results revealed interface-related features in both PL and ODMR spectra. The revealed paramagnetic centers are concluded to be involved in the processes of photo-excited carriers relaxation.

Dilute Nitride Nanowire Lasers Based on a GaAs/GaNAs Core/Shell Structure.

Nanowire (NW) lasers operating in the near-infrared spectral range are of significant technological importance for applications in telecommunications, sensing, and medical diagnostics. So far, lasing within this spectral range has been achieved using GaAs/AlGaAs, GaAs/GaAsP, and InGaAs/GaAs core/shell NWs. Another promising III-V material, not yet explored in its lasing capacity, is the dilute nitride GaNAs.

Fabry-Perot Microcavity Modes in Single GaP/GaNP Core/Shell Nanowires.

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are attracting increasing interest as nanobuilding blocks for optoelectronics and photonics. A novel material system that is highly suitable for these applications are GaNP NWs. In this article, we show that individual GaP/GaNP core/shell nanowires (NWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates can act as Fabry-Perot (FP) microcavities.

Efficient nitrogen incorporation in ZnO nanowires.

One-dimensional ZnO nanowires (NWs) are a promising materials system for a variety of applications. Utilization of ZnO, however, requires a good understanding and control of material properties that are largely affected by intrinsic defects and contaminants. In this work we provide experimental evidence for unintentional incorporation of nitrogen in ZnO NWs grown by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition, from electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Optimizing GaNP coaxial nanowires for efficient light emission by controlling formation of surface and interfacial defects.

We report on identification and control of important nonradiative recombination centers in GaNP coaxial nanowires (NWs) grown on Si substrates in an effort to significantly increase light emitting efficiency of these novel nanostructures promising for a wide variety of optoelectronic and photonic applications. A point defect complex, labeled as DD1 and consisting of a P atom with a neighboring partner aligned along a crystallographic ⟨ 111 ⟩ axis, is identified by optically detected magnetic resonance as a dominant nonradiative recombination center that resides mainly on the surface of the NWs and partly at the heterointerfaces. The formation of DD1 is found to be promoted by the presence of nitrogen and can be suppressed by reducing the strain between the core and shell layers, as well as by protecting the optically active shell by an outer passivating shell.