Introduction: Headache is the most overwhelmingly reported symptom following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The upper cervical spine has been implicated in headache etiology, and cervical dysfunction may result in neck pain that influences the experience of headache. Sleep problem is the second most reported symptom following mTBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResearch has found that service members (SMs) with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and co-occurring bodily injuries endorse lower chronic postconcussive symptom severity than SMs with mTBI and no bodily injuries. Investigations were conducted with primarily post-9/11 war-era SMs with blast injuries. The current study explores these findings in a cohort of more heterogeneous and recently evaluated military SM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examines the impact of lifetime blast exposure on white matter integrity in service members and veterans (SMVs). Participants were 227 SMVs, including those with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI; = 124), orthopedic injury controls ( = 58), and non-injured controls ( = 45), prospectively enrolled in a Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center (DVBIC)/Traumatic Brain Injury Center of Excellence (TBICoE) study. Participants were divided into three groups based on number of self-reported lifetime blast exposures: none ( = 53); low (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) commonly occur among military Service Members and Veterans and have heterogenous, but also overlapping symptom presentations, which often complicate the diagnoses of underlying impairments and development of effective treatment plans. Thus, we sought to examine whether the combination of whole brain gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) structural measures with neuropsychological performance can aid in the classification of military personnel with mTBI and PTSD.
Methods: Active-Duty US Service Members ( n = 156; 87.
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are prevalent among military populations, and both have been associated with working memory (WM) impairments. Previous resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) research conducted separately in PTSD and mTBI populations suggests that there may be similar and distinct abnormalities in WM-related networks. However, no studies have compared rsFC of WM brain regions in participants with mTBI versus PTSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examined the impact of a history of head injury (HHI) on posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in active duty military personnel following group and individual cognitive processing therapy (CPT). Data for these secondary analyses were drawn from a clinical trial comparing group and individual CPT. Service members (N = 268, 91.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To examine the functioning of military service members 5 years after completing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of cognitive rehabilitation for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Setting: Home-based telephonic interview and internet-based self-ratings.
Participants: Sixty-nine of the 126 (55%) active-duty service members who were enrolled in a 4-arm RCT of cognitive rehabilitation 3 to 24 months after mTBI and were successfully contacted by phone 5 years later.
Problems with social functioning are common following combat deployment, and these may be greater among individuals with a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present investigation examined the impact of mild TBI (mTBI), deployment-related characteristics, and resilience on perceived participation limitations among combat Veterans. This was a cross-sectional study of 143 participants with a history of at least one deployment-related mTBI (TBI group) and 80 without a history of lifetime TBI (Comparison group).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is highly prevalent in military populations, with many service members suffering from long-term symptoms. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often co-occurs with mTBI and predicts worse clinical outcomes. Functional neuroimaging research suggests there are both overlapping and distinct patterns of resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in mTBI versus PTSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The study objective was to determine whether number of concussions would affect symptom improvement following cognitive rehabilitation (CR) interventions.
Method: Service members (N = 126) with concussion history completed a 6-week randomized control trial of CR interventions. Participants were stratified based on self-reported lifetime concussion frequency.
Objective: This study examined the relationship between intracranial abnormalities (ICAs) and self-reported neurobehavioral and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms in members of the military with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI).
Method: Participants included 539 members of the US military with nonpenetrating msTBI. Self-reported neurobehavioral and PTS symptoms were assessed using the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version.
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci
May 2021
Objective: Persistent cognitive, somatic, and neuropsychiatric symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) are influenced by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly in military patients. The authors evaluated the degree to which military service members with a history of mild TBI attributed posttraumatic symptoms to TBI versus PTSD.
Methods: Service members (N=372) with mild TBI were surveyed about the severity of posttraumatic symptoms across four symptom clusters (cognitive, affective, somatosensory, and vestibular) with the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI).
Introduction: Headaches are the most common complaint after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and a significant cause of morbidity and disability among military personnel. Currently, there are a several measures which can assess headache disability, but there is a significant burden to assess each individual symptom given this heterogeneous polymorbid population. The objective of this proposed study was to validate the single headache item from the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) compared to the 6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Many with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) experience sleep problems, which are also common symptoms of stress-related and mood disorders.
Objective: To determine if sleep problems contributed unique variance to post-concussive symptoms above and beyond symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder/major depressive disorder (PTSD/MDD) after mild TBI.
Methods: 313 active duty service members with a history of mild TBI completed sleep, PTSD, and mood symptom questionnaires, which were used to determine contributions to the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory.
Objectives: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) are identified as signature injuries of the Wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. Statistics have confirmed a high incidence of PTSD among military personnel with mild TBI (mTBI) who served in these conflicts. Although receiving less attention, individuals with a history of mTBI are also at increased risk for depressive disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study examined whether self-efficacy differentiated treatment responders from non-responders in a trial of cognitive rehabilitation (CR) for postconcussive symptoms. 126 service members with mild TBI seen on average 9.5 months since injury completed one of four cognitive rehabilitation treatments for 6 weeks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Determine factors that affect responsiveness to cognitive rehabilitation (CR) interventions in service members (SMs) who sustained mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Method: 126 SMs with a history of mTBI 3 to 24 months postinjury participated in a randomized clinical trial of one of four, 6-week treatment arms: (a) psychoeducation, (b) computer-based CR, (c) therapist-directed manualized CR, and (d) therapist-directed CR integrated with cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy. Practice-adjusted reliable change scores (RCS) were calculated for the three primary outcome measures: Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT), Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) Global Severity Index (GSI), and Key Behaviors Change Inventory (KBCI).
Objective: To compare symptom reporting patterns of service members with a history of concussion based on work status: full duty, limited duty, or in the Medical Evaluation Board (MEB)/disability process.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of 181 service members with a history of concussion (MEB n = 56; limited duty n = 62; full duty n = 63). Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) Validity-10 cutoff (>22) and Mild Brain Injury Atypical Symptoms Scale (mBIAS) cutoffs (≥10 and ≥8) were used to evaluate potential over-reporting of symptoms.
In a recent manuscript, our group demonstrated shape differences in the thalamus, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala in a cohort of U.S. Service Members with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess interactions of subcortical structure with subjective symptom reporting associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), using advanced shape analysis derived from volumetric MRI.
Participants: Seventy-six cognitively symptomatic individuals with mTBI and 59 service members sustaining only orthopedic injury.
Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
J Head Trauma Rehabil
August 2019
Objective: To examine differences in objective neurocognitive performance and subjective cognitive symptoms in individuals with a history of a single concussion, multiple concussions, orthopedic injuries, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Method: Participants included 116 military service members who sustained a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) during combat deployment. Subjects were subdivided into groups based on concussion frequency: a single concussion (n = 42), 2 concussions (n = 21), and 3 or more concussions (n = 53).
Objective: Use diffusion tensor imaging to investigate white matter microstructure attributable to mild TBI (mTBI) and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Participants: Twenty-seven individuals with mTBI only, 16 with PTSD only, 42 with mTBI + PTSD, and 43 service members who sustained orthopedic injury.
Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study.
The objective of this study was to assess the associations between resilience, adversity, post-concussion symptoms, and post-traumatic stress symptom reporting after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We hypothesized that resilience would be associated with less symptom reporting, and adversity would be associated with greater symptom reporting. This was a cross-sectional study of retrospective data collected for an ongoing TBI repository.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Examine effects of diagnostically relevant posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity, and associated bodily injury severity on postconcussion symptom reporting in female service members (SM) compared with a matched sample of male SM.
Setting: Six US military medical treatment facilities.
Participants: A total of 158 SM (79 females, 79 males) evaluated within 30 months after mild TBI.
Objectives: Assess the prevalence of self-identified unmet service needs in a military sample an average of 5 years following noncombat traumatic brain injury (TBI). Examine relationships between unmet needs and background, injury-related and outcome variables.
Methods: The study sample consisted of 89 veterans and service members who sustained non-combat TBI between 1999 and 2003, selected from enrollees in the Defense and Veterans Brain Injury Center TBI registry.