A Comparative Investigation of Chemical Decontamination Methods for In-Situ Cleaning of Dental Implant Surfaces.

Surface chemistry evaluation is crucial in assessing the efficacy of chemical decontamination products for titanium implants. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of chemical decontamination solutions in cleaning a contaminated dental implant surface and to evaluate the potential of combining Pluronic gel with hydrogen peroxide (NuBoneClean) by evaluating pellicle disruption and re-formation on implant surfaces. In addition, ensuring safety with in vitro and human testing protocols.

Backscatter from therapeutic doses of ionizing irradiation does not impair cell migration on titanium implants in vitro.

Objective: The influence of radiation backscatter from titanium on DNA damage and migration capacity of human osteoblasts (OBs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) may be critical for the osseointegration of dental implants placed prior to radiotherapy. In order to evaluate effects of radiation backscatter, the immediate DNA damage and migration capacity of OBs and MSCs cultured on titanium or plastic were compared after exposure to ionizing irradiation.

Materials And Methods: Human OBs and MSCs were seeded on machined titanium, moderately rough fluoride-modified titanium, or tissue culture polystyrene, and irradiated with nominal doses of 2, 6, 10, or 14 Gy.

The dose-dependent impact of γ-radiation reinforced with backscatter from titanium on primary human osteoblasts.

In head and neck cancer patients receiving dental implants prior to radiotherapy, backscatter from titanium increases the radiation dose close to the surface, and may affect the osseointegration. The dose-dependent effects of ionizing radiation on human osteoblasts (hOBs) were investigated. The hOBs were seeded on machined titanium, moderately rough fluoride-modified titanium, and tissue culture polystyrene, and cultured in growth- or osteoblastic differentiation medium (DM).

Immunohistochemical comparison of lateral bone augmentation using a synthetic TiO block or a xenogeneic graft in chronic alveolar defects.

Objectives: To evaluate osteogenic markers and alveolar ridge profile changes in guided bone regeneration (GBR) of chronic noncontained bone defects using a nonresorbable TiO block.

Materials And Methods: Three buccal bone defects were created in each hemimandible of eight beagle dogs and allowed to heal for 8 weeks before GBR. Treatment was assigned by block randomization: TiO block: TiO -scaffold and a collagen membrane, DBBM particulates: Deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) and a collagen membrane, Empty control: Only collagen membrane.

Impact of simultaneous placement of implant and block bone graft substitute: an in vivo peri-implant defect model.

Background: Insufficient bone volume around an implant is a common obstacle when dental implant treatment is considered. Limited vertical or horizontal bone dimensions may lead to exposed implant threads following placement or a gap between the bone and implant. This is often addressed by bone augmentation procedures prior to or at the time of implant placement.

Effects of ionizing irradiation and interface backscatter on human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on titanium surfaces.

Radiotherapy to the head and neck region negatively influences the osseointegration and survival of dental implants. The effects of cobalt 60 ( Co) ionizing radiation and the impact of backscatter rays were investigated on human mesenchymal stem cells cultured on titanium surfaces. Bone marrow-derived human mesenchymal stem cells were seeded on titanium (Ti), fluoride-modified titanium (TiF), and tissue culture plastic.

Biomaterials and regenerative technologies used in bone regeneration in the craniomaxillofacial region: Consensus report of group 2 of the 15th European Workshop on Periodontology on Bone Regeneration.

Background And Aims: To review the regenerative technologies used in bone regeneration: bone grafts, barrier membranes, bioactive factors and cell therapies.

Material And Methods: Four background review publications served to elaborate this consensus report.

Results And Conclusions: Biomaterials used as bone grafts must meet specific requirements: biocompatibility, porosity, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, surface properties, biodegradability, mechanical properties, angiogenicity, handling and manufacturing processes.

Comparison of postoperative intraoral scan versus cone beam computerised tomography to measure accuracy of guided implant placement-A prospective clinical study.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of implant placement with a digitally planned guided implant procedure. Two methods for identifying the actual postoperative positioning of the implants were compared: CBCT and IO scanning.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface were placed in thirteen patients using tooth-supported surgical guides following a digital planning procedure.

Hydrofluoric acid treatment of titanium surfaces enhances the proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts.

The attachment of implants relies on bone and soft tissue biocompatibility. The aim of this article is to investigate the effect of fluoride-modified metallic titanium (Ti) surfaces (Ti-F) on proliferation and differentiation of human gingival fibroblasts. Human gingival fibroblast cells were exposed to hydrofluoric acid-modified Ti coins (Ti-F) for 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, and untreated coins were used as controls.

In Vivo Accuracy of Implant Placement Using a Full Digital Planning Modality and Stereolithographic Guides.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate a guided implant surgery procedure performed without any manual processes, by assessing the in vivo results following a digital planning and placement of dental implants using surgical templates.

Materials And Methods: Eligible patients were screened and enrolled in this prospective clinical study. A cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was acquired, and the remaining dentition and soft tissues were recorded by an intraoral scanner after enrollment.

Reconstructive aspects: Summary and consensus statements of group 3. The 5 EAO Consensus Conference 2018.

Objectives: The tasks of this working group were to evaluate the existing evidence on the efficiency and efficacy of the digital and conventional workflows for the fabrication of fixed implant reconstructions, to assess the performance of all-ceramic fixed implant reconstructions and, finally, to evaluate the outcomes of internally and externally connected implant abutments and reconstructions.

Methods: Four reviews were available analyzing the current literature on the respective topics. One review dealt with the efficiency and efficacy of digital and conventional fabrication workflows.

TiO scaffolds in peri-implant dehiscence defects: an experimental pilot study.

Objectives: The primary objective was to assess osseointegration of implants with dehiscence defects grafted with a TiO scaffold. The secondary objective was to assess the performance of the scaffold in terms of mechanical stability and bone fill.

Material And Methods: Five minipigs had the mandibular premolars extracted.

The influence of surface nanoroughness, texture and chemistry of TiZr implant abutment on oral biofilm accumulation.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine surface nanoroughness, texture and chemistry of dental implant abutment and to investigate how these parameters influence oral biofilm formation in healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: Eight different nanorough TiZr surfaces were produced by polishing, machining, cathodic polarization and acid etching. Surface topography was examined using field emission scanning electron microscope and a blue light laser profilometer.

Effect of proline-rich synthetic peptide-coated titanium implants on bone healing in a rabbit model.

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated the capacity of a designed proline-rich synthetic peptide to stimulate osteoblast differentiation and biomineralization in vitro. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the osseointegration capacity of titanium (Ti) implants coated with these peptides in a rabbit model.

Materials And Methods: Four calibrated defects were prepared in the tibiae of three New Zealand rabbits, and the defects were randomized into a test group (peptide-modified machined Ti implant) and a control group (unmodified machined Ti implant).

The effect of hydrofluoric acid treatment of titanium and titanium dioxide surface on primary human osteoblasts.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate solely the effect of fluoride on the surface chemistry of polycrystalline ceramic titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) and metallic titanium (Ti) and its effect on proliferation and differentiation of primary human osteoblasts (NHO).

Materials And Methods: The NHO cells were exposed to fluoride-modified and unmodified samples for 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. The fluoride effect on the mRNA expression was quantified and measured.

In vitro osteogenic properties of two dental implant surfaces.

Current dental implant research aims at understanding the biological basis for successful implant therapy. The aim of the study was to perform a full characterization of the effect of two commercial titanium (Ti) surfaces, OsseoSpeed and TiOblast, on the behaviour of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. The effect of these Ti surfaces was compared with tissue culture plastic (TCP).

Porous ceramic titanium dioxide scaffolds promote bone formation in rabbit peri-implant cortical defect model.

Titanium oxide (TiO₂) scaffolds have previously been reported to exhibit very low mechanical strength. However, we have been able to produce a scaffold that features a high interconnectivity, a porosity of 91% and a compressive strength above 1.2 MPa.

Correlation between molecular signals and bone bonding to titanium implants.

Objectives: A better understanding of the biological processes controlling osseointegration at the bone-to-implant interface is needed. The aim of this study was to examine which are the molecular and biochemical variables that are significantly related to osseointegration, using multiple regression analysis.

Materials And Methods: Titanium coins were placed into the tibial cortical bone of New Zealand White rabbits and evaluated using pull-out test after 4 and 8 weeks of healing.

Porous titanium granules in the surgical treatment of peri-implant osseous defects: a randomized clinical trial.

Purpose: Porous titanium granules (PTG) may have potential as an osteoconductive bone graft substitute to treat peri-implant osseous defects. The aim of this study was to analyze clinical and radiographic outcomes of peri-implant osseous defects after treatment with PTG.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, randomized, case-control, clinical 12-month study compared open-flap debridement and surface decontamination with titanium curettes and 24% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid gel (n = 16) to the same protocol but with the addition of PTG (n = 16).

Identification of early response genes to roughness and fluoride modification of titanium implants in human osteoblasts.

Purpose: Tissue response after implantation determines the success of the healing process. This response is not only dependent on the chemical properties of the implant surface but also by the surface topography or its roughness. Although in vitro and in vivo studies show improved results with rough- and fluoride-modified implants, the mechanisms behind these findings are still unknown.

In vivo performance of titanium implants functionalized with eicosapentaenoic acid and UV irradiation.

The aim of this study was to design implant surfaces that attach less to bone but at the same time improve osseous healing for use as temporary bone fracture plates. The strategy was to combine the nonadhesive properties of smooth titanium (Ti) surfaces with the differentiative and anti-inflammatory properties of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Machined Ti implant surfaces coated with a layer of EPA, with or without UV irradiation, were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and their in vivo performance was evaluated in New Zealand White rabbits.

Ultra-porous titanium oxide scaffold with high compressive strength.

Highly porous and well interconnected titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) scaffolds with compressive strength above 2.5 MPa were fabricated without compromising the desired pore architectural characteristics, such as high porosity, appropriate pore size, surface-to-volume ratio, and interconnectivity. Processing parameters and pore architectural characteristics were investigated in order to identify the key processing steps and morphological properties that contributed to the enhanced strength of the scaffolds.

Porous titanium granules promote bone healing and growth in rabbit tibia peri-implant osseous defects.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the osteoconductive properties and biological performance of porous titanium granules used in osseous defects adjacent to titanium implants.

Material And Methods: In this animal experimental study, calibrated defects were prepared in the tibias of 24 New Zealand rabbits. The defects were randomized into two tests and one control group.

In vivo performance of absorbable collagen sponges with rosuvastatin in critical-size cortical bone defects.

Rosuvastatin (RSV) is a synthetic statin with favourable pharmacologic properties, but its local effect in bone has yet to be investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) as a carrier for RSV to enhance bone formation in critical-size cortical bone defects adjacent to titanium implants. ACS, treated with different concentrations of RSV (R1 = 8.