Hoffmann's syndrome necessitating forearm fasciotomy: a case report.

Background: Hoffmann's syndrome is a rare form of hypothyroid myopathy. Only a few cases of fasciotomy in this setting have previously been reported.

Case Presentation: A 41-year-old Caucasian man under treatment for hypothyroidism presented with acute-onset severe pain in his forearm for no obvious reason and was admitted to our emergency room.

COX-2 is overexpressed in primary prostate cancer with metastatic potential and may predict survival. A comparison study between COX-2, TGF-beta, IL-10 and Ki67.

Background: The immune modulating molecules cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) have regulatory roles in cancer progression. There are conflicting data regarding the roles of these molecules in prostate cancer. To elucidate the prognostic impact of these proteins and provide information on prognosis and treatment, we compared the expression of COX-2, TGF-beta, and IL-10 in prostate cancer specimens with or without metastases.

[Treatment practice in primary hyperparathyroidism].

Background: A recent study found considerable regional differences in treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism in Norway. There is no consensus on specific indications for operation in these patients. We surveyed opinions among Norwegian endocrine surgeons and endocrinologists on the indications for surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism.

Renal artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to blunt trauma nine years earlier: case report and review of the literature.

This report describes a 59-year-old male with a renal artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to blunt trauma from a snowmobile accident. The patient presented with haematuria and flank pain, 9 years after the injury. This is the second longest interval between initial trauma and aneurysm rupture in published cases.

[Bladder stone surgery in antiquity].

Bladder stone with subsequent urinary retention was a common and challenging disease up to the 19 th century, and still is in tropical countries. Surgery has been used to remove stones (lithotomy) or to break them into small pieces (lithotripsy) since antiquity. If surgery was impossible, the urinary retention could be relieved with a catheter.

[Minimally invasive treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism].

Background: Parathyroid glands have traditionally been identified by bilateral neck exploration under general anaesthesia in connection with surgical removal of enlarged glands in primary hyperparathyroidism. Unilateral neck exploration can now be done under local anaesthesia without dissecting all glands, due to improved preoperative scintigraphy and measurement of parathyroid hormone (PTH) intra-operatively. This minimally invasive technique was introduced at the University Hospital of Northern Norway in 2004.

[Parathyroid surgery in Norway 1999-2005].

Background: A Norwegian study from 1994 reported large regional variations in the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism. There is no national consensus on guidelines for surgery. The aim of the present study was to describe regional variations in the frequency of surgery for hyperparathyroidism in Norway.