Damage Detection in Glass Fibre Composites Using Cointegrated Hyperspectral Images.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a remote sensing technique that has been successfully applied for the task of damage detection in glass fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) materials. Similarly to other vision-based detection methods, one of the drawbacks of HSI is its susceptibility to the lighting conditions during the imaging, which is a serious issue for gathering hyperspectral data in real-life scenarios. In this study, a data conditioning procedure is proposed for improving the results of damage detection with various classifiers.

Western Diet Induces Impairment of Liver-Brain Axis Accelerating Neuroinflammation and Amyloid Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an aging-dependent, irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia. The prevailing AD hypothesis points to the central role of altered cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and formation of toxic amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits in the brain. The lack of efficient AD treatments stems from incomplete knowledge on AD causes and environmental risk factors.

Effect of arthroscopic techniques on joint volume in shoulder instability: Bankart repair versus capsular shift.

Purpose: The evaluation of glenohumeral joint volume in both unstable (with/without laxity) and stable shoulders (subacromial impingement) and volume reduction potential of arthroscopic techniques: (labral anchor repair vs. capsular shift).

Methods: Material was based on 133 patients: anterior shoulder instability without laxity (group I, n = 49), with laxity (group II, n = 22) and subacromial impingement (control group, n = 62) operated in 2010-2011.

Reliability of measurements performed on two dimensional and three dimensional computed tomography in glenoid assessment for instability.

Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to establish which of two methods is more reliable in glenoid assessment for instability in pre-operative planning. Accordingly, we have studied the intra- and inter-observer reliability of glenoid parameters with the use of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructed computed tomography (CT) images.

Methods: One hundred glenoids were measured with the use of 2D-CT and 3D-CT (in 3D orientation) by two independent observers (one experienced and one inexperienced).

Directional asymmetry of upper limbs in a medieval population from Poland: A combination of linear and geometric morphometrics.

Objectives: Degrees of upper-limb bilateral asymmetry reflect habitual behavior and activity levels throughout life in human populations. The shoulder joint facilitates a wide range of combined motions due to the simultaneous motion of all three bones: clavicle, scapula, and humerus. Accordingly, we used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyze shape differences in the glenoid cavity and linear morphometrics to obtain the degree of directional asymmetry in a medieval population.

Problems of the glenohumeral joint in overhead sports - literature review. Part II - pathology and pathophysiology.

In throwing sports shoulder is exposed to enormous and often repetitive overloads. Some sports (contact sports) are also connected with direct trauma. We are thus dealing with traumatic injuries, overload and degenerative damage.

Shoulder problems in overhead sports. Part I - biomechanics of throwing.

The article discusses the biomechanical processes that occur during an overhead throw. This activity is highly specialized and requires full and proper function from the shoulder joint. It consists of active and passive stabilization and synchronous work of the accelerating and decelerating muscles.

The outcome of open elbow arthrolysis: comparison of four different approaches based on one hundred cases.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of elbow arthrolysis according to the surgical approach, durability after arthrolysis and the severity of contracture.

Methods: The study includes a cohort of 100 consecutive patients treated in our institution between 1986 and 2008. The indication for surgery was loss of mobility.

Clinical and biomechanical performance of patients with failed rotator cuff repair.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was clinical and advanced biomechanical evaluation of shoulder function with respect to rotator cuff (RC) integrity following repair.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of 111 cases with solid single row rotator cuff repair and a minimal one-year follow-up. The RC repair was performed as an open procedure in 42 patients, arthroscopically assisted in 34 and fully arthroscopic in 48 cases.

Clinical and functional evaluation of patients after total elbow arthroplasty.

Background: The operation of the total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is recommended in case of advanced joint destruction. At present both in our country and abroad, the number of elbow arthroplasties performed per year is increasing. Surgical procedures are difficult, and postoperative complications may arise.

Arthroscopic capsular shift technique and volume reduction.

Multidirectional instability is very complex pathology. Excessively redundant capsule is one of the important reasons causing symptomatic laxity in multiple planes. Arthroscopic techniques are not able to reproduce the potential of open methods to reduce the joint volume.

Differential effects of endothelins on histological and ultrastructural changes and trypsinogen activation in the secretagogue-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.

The role of endothelins in acute pancreatitis remains obscure. To assess the effects of endothelins (ETs) in early (4 h) caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) in rats, ET-1, ET-2 and ET-3 (0.5 or 1.

Connection between masticatory efficiency and pathomorphologic changes in gastric mucosa.

Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to establish a connection between masticatory deficiency and pathomorphologic alterations of gastric mucosa in patients with dyspepsia.

Method And Materials: In 40 dyspeptic, edentulous and partially dentate patients and in 40 dyspeptic control patients with good dental status, the Optosil masticatory function test was performed. Histopathologic changes of gastric mucosa and the severity of Helicobacter pylori infection were scored according to the updated Sydney Classification of Chronic Gastritis.

The effect of intragastric ammonia production on titratable gastric acid output in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients with chronic gastritis.

The purpose of this study was to assess whether intragastric neutralization of HCl by ammonia in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients could meaningfully affect the titratable acid output as a measure of gastric acid secretion in a relation to the severity of infection. In 79 patients with different degrees of Helicobacter pylori infection and chronic gastritis, the basal acid output (BAO) and maximal acid output (MAO) after pentagastrin (6 microg/kg s.c.

Beneficial effect of iloprost on the course of acute taurocholate pancreatitis in rats and its limitation by antecedent acute ethanol intake.

The effects of stable prostacyclin analogue iloprost on the trypsinogen activation, labilization of lysosomal membranes, lipolytic enzymes activities, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the pancreas of rats with severe, taurocholate acute pancreatitis (AP), preceded for 6 h by acute ethanol intake have been investigated. Iloprost (1 microg/kg b.w.

The endothelin-1 receptor antagonists ameliorate histology and ultrastructural alterations in the pancreas and decrease trypsinogen activation in severe taurocholate pancreatitis in rats.

The role of potent vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains controversial. The aim was to compare the effect of nonselective ET RA/B (LU-302872) and selective ET RA (LU-302146) antagonists on pancreatic histology, ultrastructure and trypsinogen activation in severe taurocholate AP in rats. Male Wistar rats with AP were treated with an intraperitoneous injection of 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg of body weight of each antagonist at 0, 6, 12 and 18 h after taurocholate administration.

[Nutritional status of patients in hospitals in Poland. More thorough assessment of nutritional status of adult patients].

The purpose of the study was a more thorough assessment of the nutrition state of patients admitted to hospitals in Poland. The study was carried out in four hospitals at teaching centre level, in four hospitals at province level, and in four county hospitals. The patients for the study were selected randomly from 3310 adult patients (every 10th patient admitted to these hospitals).

[Nutritional status of patients in hospitals in Poland. I. Screening of adult patients].

The aim of the study was a screening assessment of the nutritional status of patients admitted to hospitals and discharged from hospitals. The study was carried out in 4 university hospitals, 4 woivodeship hospitals and 4 district hospitals. In randomly selected 3310 patients (every 10th patient admitted to hospital) anthropometric parameters were assessed: body height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm circumference, blood morphological and biochemical parameters were determined (erythrocyte, white blood cell and lymphocyte count in blood, albumin and haemoglobin concentration in serum).

The effect of endothelin-1 receptor antagonists in acute experimental pancreatitis in the rats.

The relative role of endothelin-1 receptors, ET(A) and ET(B) blockade in acute pancreatitis (AP) remains controversial. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of nonselective ET(A/B) antagonist (LU 302872) and selective ET(A)antagonist (LU 302146) in severe taurocholate AP in rats. Male Wistar rats with AP were treated with increasing doses: 1, 5 or 10 mg/kg b.