The proteogenomic landscape of multiple myeloma reveals insights into disease biology and therapeutic opportunities.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy of the bone marrow. Despite therapeutic advances, MM remains incurable, and better risk stratification as well as new therapies are therefore highly needed. The proteome of MM has not been systematically assessed before and holds the potential to uncover insight into disease biology and improved prognostication in addition to genetic and transcriptomic studies.

Relapse of -Mutated AML with Extramedullary Manifestation 17 Years after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

The majority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the mutation achieve remission with intensive chemotherapy. However, many patients subsequently relapse, which occurs frequently within the first 2-3 years after therapy, while late relapse after more than 10 years is rare and can also represent secondary/therapy-associated AML without the NPM1 mutation. Here, we present a case of -mutated AML that developed medullary and extramedullary relapse 17 years after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, maintaining the mutation and all other genetic alterations detected at first diagnosis.

SUMOylation inhibition overcomes proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma.

Proteasome inhibition is a highly effective treatment for multiple myeloma (MM). However, virtually all patients develop proteasome inhibitor resistance, which is associated with a poor prognosis. Hyperactive small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) signaling is involved in both cancer pathogenesis and cancer progression.

Circulating Tumor DNA Allows Early Treatment Monitoring in BRAF- and NRAS-Mutant Malignant Melanoma.

Purpose: We evaluated circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) for detecting tumor burden in melanoma and examined whether early changes in the number of ctDNA copies predict response to treatment.

Patients And Methods: We included 12 patients with stage III and 50 patients with stage IV melanoma with exon 15 or exon 3 mutations in tumor tissue. We used droplet digital polymerase chain reaction to retrospectively analyze serial plasma samples for mutation-positive ctDNA.

Personalized Treatment Selection and Disease Monitoring Using Circulating Tumor DNA Profiling in Real-World Cancer Patient Management.

Background: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in the blood plasma of cancer patients is an emerging biomarker used across oncology, facilitating noninvasive disease monitoring and genetic profiling at various disease milestones. Digital droplet PCR (ddPCR) technologies have demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for robust ctDNA detection at relatively low costs. Yet, their value for ctDNA-based management of a broad population of cancer patients beyond clinical trials remains elusive.