Can early postoperative parenteral nutrition have some impact on postoperative inflammatory response intensity?

Background And Aims: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) is currently the modern perioperative method of care for improvement of post-surgery patient condition and for minimising various postoperative complications. A question of some negative impact of early postoperative parenteral nutrition on postoperative inflammatory response intensity has not clear-cut answer yet. This pilot project was focused on the possible influence of early parenteral nutrition on the intensity of inflammatory postoperative response to operating trauma in surgical patients.

Impact of cumulative fluid balance on the pharmacokinetics of extended infusion meropenem in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Background: Meropenem dosing for septic critically patients is difficult due to pathophysiological changes associated with sepsis as well as supportive symptomatic therapies. A prospective single-center study assessed whether fluid retention alters meropenem pharmacokinetics and the achievement of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) targets for efficacy.

Methods: Twenty-five septic ICU patients (19 m, 6f) aged 32-86 years with the mean APACHE II score of 20.

Covariate determinants of effective dosing regimens for time-dependent beta-lactam antibiotics for critically ill patients.

Aims: Critically ill patients undergoing aggressive fluid resuscitation and treated empirically with hydrosoluble time-dependent beta-lactam antibiotics are at risk for sub-therapeutic plasma concentrations. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of two covariates - creatinine clearance (Cl) and cumulative fluid balance (CFB) on pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) target attainment within a week of treatment with meropenem (ME) or piperacillin/tazobactam (PIP/TZB).

Methods: In this prospective observational pharmacokinetic (PK) study, 18 critically ill patients admitted to a surgical Intensive Care Unit (ICU) were enrolled.

The effect of three different surgical techniques for colon anastomosis on regional postoperative microperfusion: Laser Doppler Flowmetry study in pigs.

Background: The optimal surgical approach to reconnecting bowel ends safely after resection is of great importance.

Objectives: This project is focused on assessment of the perianastomotic microcirculation quality in the short postoperative period when using three different anastomosis techniques in experimental animal.

Methods: The experimental study involved 27 young female domestic pigs divided into three subgroups of 9 animals according to each surgical method of anastomosis construction in the sigmoid colon region: by manual suture, by stapler, or by gluing.

Plasmafiltration as a possible contributor to kinetic targeting of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in order to prevent organ toxicity and immunosuppression.

Purpose: To examine the removal of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) during plasmafiltration (PF) and determine whether the drug could be withheld prior to its organ distribution responsible for mucocutaneous toxicity.

Methods: Six patients suffering from platinum-resistant ovarian cancer were treated with a 1-h IV infusion 50 mg/m(2) of PLD/cycle-for three cycles q4w. Over 44 (46)-47(49) h postinfusion, five patients (14 cycles in total) underwent PF using a cascade PF method consisted of plasma separation by centrifugation and plasma treatment using filtration based one volume of plasma treatment, i.

A pilot study on pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment in critically ill patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam.

Background: In critically ill patients, multi-trauma and intensive therapy can influence the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of antibiotics with time-dependent bacterial killing. Consequently, PK/PD targets (%fT>MIC) - crucial for antimicrobial effects -may not be attained.

Methods: Two patients admitted to the surgical ICU of the University Hospital in Hradec Králove for multiple-trauma were given piperacillin/tazobactam by 1-hour IV infusion 4/0.