Asprosin response in hypoglycemia is not related to hypoglycemia unawareness but rather to insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes.

Asprosin is a counter-regulatory hormone to insulin which plays a role in fasting. It may therefore also play a role in hypoglycaemia unawareness, which has been subsequently examined in this pilot study. Intravenous glucose tolerance test was used to induce controlled hyperglycemia whereas a hyperinsulinemic clamp test was used to induce a controlled hypoglycaemia in 15 patients with diabetes type 1, with and without hypoglycaemia unawareness.

[The effect of metformin on lipid parameters and on cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes without statin therapy].

Some meta-analyses suggested a positive effect of metformin therapy on lipid parameters, but the potential beneficial effect of metformin on cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetes is not entirely clear. We investigated the effect of metformin therapy on lipid parameters and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. In a cross-sectional, monocentric study, 102 patients with type 2 diabetes without lipid-lowering medication were analysed for lipid profile and cardiovascular risk (United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study Risk Calculator) depending on metformin therapy.

Ready to run the wards? - A descriptive follow-up study assessing future doctors' clinical skills.

Background: Recent studies have shown that clinical tasks only represent a small percentage in the scope of final-year medical students' activities and often lack sufficient supervision. It appears that final-year medical students are frequently deployed to perform "routine tasks" and show deficits in the performance of more complex activities. This study aimed to evaluate final-year students' clinical performance in multiple impromptu clinical scenarios using video-based assessment.

BRAF V600E and Retinoic Acid in Radioiodine-Refractory Papillary Thyroid Cancer.

Radioiodine refractoriness in differentiated thyroid cancer remains an unsolved therapeutic problem. Response to retinoids might depend on specific genetic markers. In this retrospective analysis, associations between BRAF V600E and clinical outcomes after redifferentiation with retinoic acid (RA) and radioiodine therapy (RIT) were investigated.

Compensatory mechanisms for methylglyoxal detoxification in experimental & clinical diabetes.

Objectives: The deficit of Glyoxalase I (Glo1) and the subsequent increase in methylglyoxal (MG) has been reported to be one the five mechanisms by which hyperglycemia causes diabetic late complications. Aldo-keto reductases (AKR) have been shown to metabolize MG; however, the relative contribution of this superfamily to the detoxification of MG in vivo, particularly within the diabetic state, remains unknown.

Methods: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing was used to generate a Glo1 knock-out (Glo1) mouse line.

Sensitive mass spectrometric assay for determination of 15-deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J and its application in human plasma samples of patients with diabetes.

The determination of individual prostaglandins (PG) in humans is mainly performed in urine samples. The quantification of PGs in human plasma could improve the understanding of particular PG species under various physiological and pathological conditions. 15-Deoxy-Δ-prostaglandin J (15d-PGJ) is a dehydrated downstream product of PGD and is of high interest due to its recently discovered anti-inflammatory effects.

Genetic Polymorphisms of Antioxidant and Antiglycation Enzymes and Diabetic Complications. How Much Can we Learn from the Genes?

There is growing evidence that reactive metabolites, such as reactive oxygen species and dicarbonyls contribute to diabetic complications. Formation, accumulation, and detoxification of these metabolites are controlled by several enzymes, some of which have genetically determined levels of expression or function. This review not only gives an overview of the different SNPs studied in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and type 2, but in addition attempts to bridge the gap between a genetic study and clinical use.

Methylglyoxal and Advanced Glycation End Products in Patients with Diabetes - What We Know so Far and the Missing Links.

Hyperglycemia explains the development of late diabetic complications in patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2 only partially. Most therapeutic efforts relying on intensive glucose control failed to decrease the absolute risk for complications by more than 10%, especially in patients with diabetes type 2. Therefore, alternative pathophysiological pathways have to be examined, in order to develop more individualized treatment options for patients with diabetes in the future.