Opiate Intoxication Caused by Epidural Infusion of Morphine: A Case Report of a Near Fatal Medication Error.

Introduction: Epidural infusion of local anesthetics with opioids is widely used for pain control during the perioperative-and peripartum-periods. Selection of the opioid, appropriate dosing, and follow-up by the acute pain service are critical in providing safe postoperative epidural analgesia.

Case Report Summary: A 71-year-old man was scheduled for a parastomal hernia repair with midline laparotomy.

A brain symmetry index (BSI) for online EEG monitoring in carotid endarterectomy.

Introduction: Carotid endarterectomy is a common procedure as a secondary prevention of stroke, and one of the early controversies in carotid surgery is centered around whether a shunt should be used during this procedure. Although various EEG parameters have been proposed to determine if the brain is at risk during carotid artery clamping, the common procedure is still the visual assessment of the EEG. We propose a brain symmetry index (BSI), that has been implemented as an on-line quantitative EEG parameter, as an additional criterion for shunt need in carotid endarterectomy.