Animal models for the evaluation of antipsychotic agents.

Schizophrenia, the most serious among psychoses, has negative symptoms such as anhedonia, avolition and apathy, and cognitive defects in addition to positive symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions characterising all psychotic disorders. Traditional antipsychotics had dopamine D receptor antagonism as their principal mechanism of action, with disabling extrapyramidal symptoms as corollary. Newer atypical agents with diverse receptor actions introduced to circumvent this issue, nevertheless, had varied side effects such as agranulocytosis, insulin resistance, seizures, and cardiac events.

Trends in clinical trials of dengue vaccine.

Dengue is one of the most important vector-borne disease and an increasing problem worldwide because of current globalization trends. Roughly, half the world's population lives in dengue endemic countries, and nearly 100 million people are infected annually with dengue. India has the highest burden of the disease with 34% of the global cases.

Evaluating the efficacy of memantine on improving cognitive functions in epileptic patients receiving anti-epileptic drugs: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial (Phase IIIb pilot study).

Objectives: People with epilepsy have greater cognitive and behavioral dysfunction than the general population. There is no specific treatment available for cognitive impairment of these patients. We aimed to evaluate the effects of memantine, an N-methyl-D-aspartate-type glutamate receptor noncompetitive antagonist, on improving cognition and memory functions in epileptic patients with cognitive and memory impairment, who received anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs).