The Upregulation of hsa-mir-181b-1 and Downregulation of Its Target CYLD in the Late-Stage of Tumor Progression of Breast Cancer.

Some microRNAs are usually dysregulated in the cancers and influencing tumor behavior and progression. Hsa-miR-181b-1 and its target are involved in regulating the inflammatory pathways. This study aimed to investigate the expression levels of hsa-mir-181b-1 and in a cohort of breast tumor tissues and normal adjacent tissues to assess their association with breast cancer stages.

Optimized Dose of Dendritic Cell-based Vaccination in Experimental Model of Tumor Using Artificial Neural Network.

Previous studies have demonstrated that maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) by pathogenic components through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as Listeria monocytogenes lysate (LML) or CpG DNA can improve cancer vaccination in experimental models. In this study, a mathematical model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) was used to predict several patterns and dosage of matured DC administration for improved vaccination. The ANN model predicted that repeated co-injection of tumor antigen (TA)-loaded DCs matured with CpG (CpG-DC) and LML (List-DC) results in improved antitumor immune response as well as a reduction of immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment.

An extended mathematical model of tumor growth and its interaction with the immune system, to be used for developing an optimized immunotherapy treatment protocol.

Background: Chemotherapy is usually known as the main modality for cancer treatment. Nevertheless, most of chronic cancers could not be treated with chemotherapy alone. Immunotherapy is a new modality for cancer treatment that is effective for early stages of cancer and it has fewer side effects compared to chemotherapy, specifically for those types of cancer that are resistant to it.

Improved Anti-Treg Vaccination Targeting Foxp3 Efficiently Decreases Regulatory T Cells in Mice.

Introduction: The critical role of regulatory T (Treg) cells in dampening immune responses against tumor cells is apparent. Therefore, several methods have been introduced for eliminating Treg. Among them, inducing immune responses against Treg cells expressing Foxp3 transcription factor is a hopeful approach to decrease the frequency of Tregs.

Megavoltage X-ray Dose Enhancement with Gold Nanoparticles in Tumor Bearing Mice.

One of the applications of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in medicine is radiation dose-enhancing effect. Although there are many simulations, in vitro and in vivo evidence that GNPs can enhance significantly the radiation dose effect of orthovoltage beams. These beams compared with megavoltage (MV) beams, have limited applications in radiotherapy.

Production of recombinant adenovirus containing human interlukin-4 gene.

Objectives: Recombinant adenoviruses are currently used for a variety of purposes, including in vitro gene transfer, in vivo vaccination, and gene therapy. Ability to infect many cell types, high efficiency in gene transfer, entering both dividing and non dividing cells, and growing to high titers make this virus a good choice for using in various experiments. In the present experiment, a recombinant adenovirus containing human IL-4 coding sequence was made.

The efficient generation of immunocompetent dendritic cells from leukemic blasts in acute myeloid leukemia: a local experience.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most important antigen presenting cells with potentially useful applications in cancer immunotherapy. Leukemic cells of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) could be differentiated to DC-like cells possessing the ability of stimulating anti-leukemic immune response. Despite obvious progress in DC-based immunotherapy, some discrepancies were reported in differentiation potential of AML blasts from all patients toward DC like cells.