Hot Melt Extruded Posaconazole-Based Amorphous Solid Dispersions-The Effect of Different Types of Polymers.

Four model polymers, representing (i) amorphous homopolymers (Kollidon K30, K30), (ii) amorphous heteropolymers (Kollidon VA64, KVA), (iii) semi-crystalline homopolymers (Parteck MXP, PXP), and (iv) semi-crystalline heteropolymers (Kollicoat IR, KIR), were examined for their effectiveness in creating posaconazole-based amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs). Posaconazole (POS) is a triazole antifungal drug that has activity against Candida and Aspergillus species, belonging to class II of the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS). This means that this active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) is characterized by solubility-limited bioavailability.

Preparation and advanced characterization of highly drug-loaded, 3D printed orodispersible tablets containing fluconazole.

Due to the possibility of designing various spatial structures, three-dimensional printing can be implemented in the production of customized medicines. Nevertheless, the use of these methods for the production of dosage forms requires further optimization, understanding, and development of printouts' quality verification mechanisms. Therefore, the goal of our work was the preparation and advanced characterization of 3D printed orodispersible tablets (ODTs) containing fluconazole, printed by the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method.

Application and Multi-Stage Optimization of Daylight Polymer 3D Printing of Personalized Medicine Products.

Additive technologies have undoubtedly become one of the most intensively developing manufacturing methods in recent years. Among the numerous applications, the interest in 3D printing also includes its application in pharmacy for production of small batches of personalized drugs. For this reason, we conducted multi-stage pre-formulation studies to optimize the process of manufacturing solid dosage forms by photopolymerization with visible light.

Fused Deposition Modeling as a Possible Approach for the Preparation of Orodispersible Tablets.

Additive manufacturing technologies are considered as a potential way to support individualized pharmacotherapy due to the possibility of the production of small batches of customized tablets characterized by complex structures. We designed five different shapes and analyzed the effect of the surface/mass ratio, the influence of excipients, and storage conditions on the disintegration time of tablets printed using the fused deposition modeling method. As model pharmaceutical active ingredients (APIs), we used paracetamol and domperidone, characterized by different thermal properties, classified into the various Biopharmaceutical Classification System groups.

In Vitro Wound Dressing Stack Model as a First Step to Evaluate the Behavior of Dressing Materials in Wound Bed-An Assessment of Mass Transport Phenomena in Hydrogel Wound Dressings.

Wound dressings when applied are in contact with wound exudates in vivo or with acceptor fluid when testing drug release from wound dressing in vitro. Therefore, the assessment of bidirectional mass transport phenomena in dressing after application on the substrate is important but has never been addressed in this context. For this reason, an in vitro wound dressing stack model was developed and implemented in the 3D printed holder.

How to Obtain the Maximum Properties Flexibility of 3D Printed Ketoprofen Tablets Using Only One Drug-Loaded Filament?

The flexibility of dose and dosage forms makes 3D printing a very interesting tool for personalized medicine, with fused deposition modeling being the most promising and intensively developed method. In our research, we analyzed how various types of disintegrants and drug loading in poly(vinyl alcohol)-based filaments affect their mechanical properties and printability. We also assessed the effect of drug dosage and tablet spatial structure on the dissolution profiles.

Multivariate Design of 3D Printed Immediate-Release Tablets with Liquid Crystal-Forming Drug-Itraconazole.

The simplicity of object shape and composition modification make additive manufacturing a great option for customized dosage form production. To achieve this goal, the correlation between structural and functional attributes of the printed objects needs to be analyzed. So far, it has not been deeply investigated in 3D printing-related papers.

Data-Driven Modeling of the Bicalutamide Dissolution from Powder Systems.

Low solubility of active pharmaceutical compounds (APIs) remains an important challenge in dosage form development process. In the manuscript, empirical models were developed and analyzed in order to predict dissolution of bicalutamide (BCL) from solid dispersion with various carriers. BCL was chosen as an example of a poor water-soluble API.

Speed it up, slow it down…An issue of bicalutamide release from 3D printed tablets.

The article describes the preparation and characterization of 3D-printed tablets with bicalutamide obtained using two-material co-extrusion-based fused deposition modeling (FDM). This method is a modification of typical two-material FDM where separate nozzles are used to print from two filaments. In this work we used a ZMorph® 3D printer with DualPro printhead which allows us to co-extrude two filaments through a single nozzle.

Molecular Disorder of Bicalutamide-Amorphous Solid Dispersions Obtained by Solvent Methods.

The effect of solvent removal techniques on phase transition, physical stability and dissolution of bicalutamide from solid dispersions containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a carrier was investigated. A spray dryer and a rotavapor were applied to obtain binary systems containing either 50% or 66% of the drug. Applied techniques led to the formation of amorphous solid dispersions as confirmed by X-ray powder diffractometry and differential scanning calorimetry.

3D printing of tablets containing amorphous aripiprazole by filaments co-extrusion.

Three-dimensional printing is one of the fastest developing technology within pharmaceutical field. With many advantages this method can be found as a new dosage form manufacturing technique, however low printing efficiency stays as one of the major limitations. Therefore, the preparation of filaments as a feedstock and printing of the final dosage forms in pharmacies may by the direction of development for this method.

3D Printing in Pharmaceutical and Medical Applications - Recent Achievements and Challenges.

Growing demand for customized pharmaceutics and medical devices makes the impact of additive manufacturing increased rapidly in recent years. The 3D printing has become one of the most revolutionary and powerful tool serving as a technology of precise manufacturing of individually developed dosage forms, tissue engineering and disease modeling. The current achievements include multifunctional drug delivery systems with accelerated release characteristic, adjustable and personalized dosage forms, implants and phantoms corresponding to specific patient anatomy as well as cell-based materials for regenerative medicine.

PRINTING TECHNIQUES: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PHARMACEUTICAL TECHNOLOGY.

In the last few years there has been a huge progress in a development of printing techniques and their application in pharmaceutical sciences and particularly in the pharmaceutical technology. The variety of printing methods makes it necessary to systemize them, explain the principles of operation, and specify the possibilities of their use in pharmaceutical technology. This paper aims to review the printing techniques used in a drug development process.

Comparative Analysis of Microbicidal and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Novel Taurine Bromamine Derivatives and Bromamine T.

Taurine, the most abundant free amino acid in leukocyte cytosol traps hypohalous acids (HOCl and HOBr) to produce N-chlorotaurine (taurine chloramine, NCT and N-bromotaurine (taurine bromamine, Tau-NHBr,) respectively. Both haloamines show anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. However, the therapeutic applicability of Tau-NHBr is limited due to its relatively poor stability.

3D printed orodispersible films with Aripiprazole.

Three dimensional printing technology is gaining in importance because of its increasing availability and wide applications. One of the three dimensional printing techniques is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) which works on the basis of hot melt extrusion-well known in the pharmaceutical technology. Combination of fused deposition modelling with preparation of the orodispersible film with poorly water soluble substance such as aripiprazole seems to be extra advantageous in terms of dissolution rate.

Molecular Dynamics, Recrystallization Behavior, and Water Solubility of the Amorphous Anticancer Agent Bicalutamide and Its Polyvinylpyrrolidone Mixtures.

In this paper, we investigated the molecular mobility and physical stability of amorphous bicalutamide, a poorly water-soluble drug widely used in prostate cancer treatment. Our broadband dielectric spectroscopy measurements and differential scanning calorimetry studies revealed that amorphous BIC is a moderately fragile material with a strong tendency to recrystallize from the amorphous state. However, mixing the drug with polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone results in a substantial improvement of physical stability attributed to the antiplasticizing effect governed by the polymer additive.

Geometry of modified release formulations during dissolution--influence on performance of dosage forms with diclofenac sodium.

The objectives of the work included: presentation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and fractal analysis based approach to comparison of dosage forms of different composition, structure, and assessment of the influence of the compositional factors i.e., matrix type, excipients etc.

Novel method for screening of enteric film coatings properties with magnetic resonance imaging.

The aim of the study is to present the concept of novel method for fast screening of enteric coating compositions properties without the need of preparation of tablets batches for fluid bed coating. Proposed method involves evaluation of enteric coated model tablets in specially designed testing cell with application of MRI technique. The results obtained in the testing cell were compared with results of dissolution studies of mini-tablets coated in fluid bed apparatus.

Generation of continuously tunable coherent vacuum-ultraviolet radiation (140 to 106 nm) in zinc vapor.

It is shown that resonantly enhanced, four-wave frequency mixing in Zn vapor provides coherent vacuum-ultraviolet radiation that is continuously tunable over the range 140.4 to 106.3 nm (or ~23000 cm(-1)).

Resonantly enhanced second-harmonic generation in zinc vapor.

Coherent second-harmonic radiation has been generated in atomic zinc vapor at 1792.5 and 1601 A from the 5(1)S(0)and 4(1)D(2) states, respectively, by two-photon resonance enhancement. Measurements of the ratio of second-to third-harmonic generation suggest the occurrence of static electric fields of ~5 kV/cm.