Morphology of the Mandibular and Intramandibular Glands of Army Ant Workers of Labidus praedator (Smith 1858) and Labidus coecus (Latreille 1802) (Formicidae: Dorylinae).

Social insects are characterized by having a wide diversity of exocrine glands, with highlights for ants with about 85 glands spreading throughout the body. The mandibular and intramandibular glands are associated with the production of pheromones. The army ants (Dorylinae) play an important role in the structure of the invertebrate community because they are efficient predators and provide suitable conditions for various animals following their invasions in the food search.

Effect of Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension on Testicular Parameters of Wistar Rats Subjected to Resistance Exercise Training.

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by elevated arterial pressure and vascular resistance. PAH may cause alterations in the microcirculation of several organs, including the kidney, liver, brain, and testes. However, it remains unclear whether monocrotaline-induced PAH exerts detrimental effects on animal testes.

Hemocyte morphology of worker subcastes of the leaf-cutting ant Atta sexdens rubropilosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae).

Hemocytes are cells present in the hemolymph of insects that play a role in combating invasive pathogens, ensuring defense by the immune system in these organisms. While the types of hemocytes are well known in some insect representatives, data on these cells in Hymenoptera are limited to certain bees and wasps, with little information available for ants. Among ants, the genus Atta has environmental and economic importance, forming highly organized colonies consisting of the queen and workers, with the latter subdivided into subcastes: gardeners, waste removers, foragers, and soldiers, which are exposed to different pathogens.

The fungicide azoxystrobin causes histopathological and cytotoxic changes in the midgut of the honey bee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

Apis mellifera is an important bee pollinating native and crop plants but its recent population decline has been linked to the use of pesticides, including fungicides that have been commonly classified as safe for bees. However, many pesticides, in addition to direct mortality cause sublethal effects, including damage to target selective honey bee organs. The midgut is the organ responsible for the digestion and absorption of nutrients and the detoxification of ingested substances, such as pesticides.

Larval and adult digestive tract of the carrion beetle Oxelytrum discicolle (Brullé, 1840) (Coleoptera: Silphidae).

Oxelytrum discicolle is a necrophagous beetle occurring in Central and South America, with potential use in forensic entomology for investigations in the context of legal medicine. The present work aimed to describe the morphology of the digestive tract of larvae and adults and contributes to the knowledge about the digestion associated with necrophagy. In the three larval instars, the foregut is short and narrow, the midgut is a dilated tube, elongated with a smooth surface, and the hindgut is narrow and long, with small lateral projections and a dilated terminal region.

Differential gene expression by RNA-seq during Alzheimer's disease-like progression in the Drosophila melanogaster model.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive, irreversible loss of memory and cognitive function. Drosophila melanogaster and other animal models are used to study several diseases, in order to elucidate unknown mechanisms and develop potential therapies. Molecular studies require biological samples and, for neuropathologies such as AD biopsy of the human brain, are invasive and potentially damaging.

Acute oral exposure to imidacloprid induces apoptosis and autophagy in the midgut of honey bee Apis mellifera workers.

The honey bee Apis mellifera is an important pollinator that increases the yield and quality of crops. In recent years, honey bee populations have declined in some parts of the world, which has been associated with several causes, including pesticides used in agriculture. Neonicotinoids are neurotoxic insecticides widely used in the world with systemic action mode contaminating nectar and pollen that may be consumed by bees.

Biochemical and morphological characterization of freshwater microalga Tetradesmus obliquus (Chlorophyta: Chlorophyceae).

Tetradesmus is a microalgal genus with biotechnological potential due to its rapid production of biomass, which is plenty in proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and bioactives. However, its morphology and physiology need to be determined to guide better research to optimize the species cultivation and biocompounds processing. Thus, this study describes the biochemistry and morphology of the strain Tetradesmus obliquus BR003, isolated from a sample of freshwater reservoirs in a Brazilian municipality.

Behavioral and ultrastructural effects of novaluron on Aedes aegypti larvae.

Chitin synthesis inhibitors (CSI) are supposed to inhibit formation of chitin microfibrils in newly synthesized cuticle during molting process. Conversely, there has been comparatively few data on morphological effects of CSI on non-target insect organs. In this work, the effects of the CSI novaluron on behavior and midgut of A.

The salivary glands of Brontocoris tabidus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Morphology and secretory cycle.

Brontocoris tabidus (Signoret) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) is a zoophytophagous insect used for biological control in agriculture and forest systems because its nymphs and adults feed on insects and plants. The predatory Pentatomidae insert the mouthparts into the prey, releasing saliva to paralysis and kills the insect, as well as digest body parts to be sucked in a preliminary extra-oral digestion. In a short period of time, this insect shows the ability to feed again, suggesting the existence of a constant and abundant secretory cycle in the salivary glands.

Spiromesifen induces histopathological and cytotoxic changes in the midgut of the honeybee Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae).

The honeybee Apis mellifera is an important pollinator that, similarly to other bees, undergoes colony losses due to several problems, including the use of pesticides in the agriculture. In addition to direct mortality, pesticides cause side-effects in some non-target organs, such as the midgut, which is the main organ for digestion and absorption. Spiromesifen is a pesticide used to control mites and whiteflies, which can be ingested by bees feeding on contaminated floral resources.

Arsenic induces dose-dependent structural and ultrastructural pathological remodeling in the heart of Wistar rats.

Aim: Arsenic, an environmental contaminant, represents a public health problem worldwide. Studies have shown its association with molecular mechanisms related to cardiomyocytes redox balance. However, the microstructure and ultrastructure of cardiac tissue, as well as the activity of its antioxidant defenses front of disturbances in the mineral bioavailability induced by arsenic are still scarce.

Morphology and composition of the midgut bacterial community of Scaptocoris castanea Perty, 1830 (Hemiptera: Cydnidae).

The burrower bug Scaptocoris castanea is an important soybean and pasture pest in Brazil, with an underground habit feeding directly on the sap of the roots. Underground habit hinders control and knowledge of the biology and physiology of this pest. This study describes the anatomy, histology, ultrastructure and symbionts of the midgut of S.

Cytotoxic effects on the midgut, hypopharyngeal, glands and brain of Apis mellifera honey bee workers exposed to chronic concentrations of lambda-cyhalothrin.

The honeybee, Apis mellifera is economically important for its products (honey, wax, and propolis) and for its role in pollination. This insect is threated due to high population losses in both agriculture and beekeeping. Within causes involved in the loss of honeybees is the increased pesticide use on agriculture.

Anatomy, Histology, and Ultrastructure of Salivary Glands of the Burrower Bug, (Hemiptera: Cydnidae).

The burrower bug Scaptocoris castanea Perty, 1830 (Hemiptera: Cydnidae) is an agricultural pest feeding on roots of several crops. The histology and ultrastructure of the salivary glands of S. castanea were described.

Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, damages midgut cells and interferes with behaviors of larvae.

Juvenile hormone analogs (JHA) are known to interfere with growth and biosynthesis of insects with potential for insecticide action. However, there has been comparatively few data on morphological effects of JHA on insect organs. To determine pyriproxyfen effects on larvae, we conducted toxicity, behavioral bioassays and assessed ultrastructural effects of pyriproxyfen on midgut cells.

Squamocin induce histological and ultrastructural changes in the midgut cells of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Annonaceous acetogenins (Annona squamosa Linnaeus) comprises of a series of natural products which are extracted from Annonaceae species, squamocin proved to be highly efficient among those agents. Squamocin is mostly referred as a lethal agent for midgut cells of different insects, with toxic effects when tested against larva of some insects. In present study, LC and LC of squamocin for A.

Dechorionation and Permeabilization of Podisus nigrispinus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs: Limiting Factors for Cryopreservation.

Cryopreservation protocols have been developed for eggs of Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera; however, for Heteroptera, such as Podisus nigrispinus Dallas, 1851 (Pentatomidae), no procedures have been described yet. The objective of this study was to evaluate the processes of dechorionation and permeabilization on the viability of eggs of P. nigrispinus with different embryonic ages.

Male reproductive tract and spermatozoa ultrastructure in the grasshopper Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) (Insecta, Orthoptera, Caelifera).

Identification Orphulellini grasshoppers (Acrididae: Gomphocerinae) species has been difficult due to high polymorphism rate. Orphulella Giglio-Tos, 1894 is a genus with widespread geographical distribution and poor descriptions. Orphulella punctata (De Geer, 1773) has an extensive record of occurrence and available information about the phallic complex, however, there is poor data describing other parts of the male reproductive tract.

Sperm morphology of the leafhopper Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Psylloidea: Liviidae).

In this study, by using light and electron microscopy, we describe the sperm morphology of the leafhopper Diaphorina citri, a serious pest of citrus throughout the world. In this species the sperm measures 538.49±8.