Exploring Metabolic Approaches for Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Therapy.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) has the highest mortality rate among malignant tumors of the female reproductive system and the lowest survival rate. This poor prognosis is due to the aggressive nature of EOC, its late-stage diagnosis, and the tumor's ability to adapt to stressors through metabolic reprogramming. EOC cells sustain their rapid proliferation by altering the uptake, utilization, and regulation of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids.

The Sperm-Associated Antigen 11A (Spag11a) Knockout Mice Display Sub-Fertility and Perturbations in the Sperm Proteome.

Spermatogenesis and sperm maturation that occur in the testis and epididymis respectively are crucial for fertility. Factors secreted by the testicular and epididymal epithelial cells govern the processes of gametogenesis and maturation. Proteins encoded by the sperm-associated antigen 11a (Spag11a) gene are implicated as having a possible role in sperm maturation.

Effect of Spag11a gene knockout on the epididymis in mice: A histopathological and molecular analyses.

The sperm-associated antigen 11a (Spag11a) gene is exclusively expressed in the caput epididymis. Our previous studies demonstrated that small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated ablation of this gene resulted in increased proliferation of epididymal epithelial cells. Further, active immunization-mediated ablation of SPAG11A protein increased the susceptibility of male reproductive tract tissues to diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced tumorigenesis.

Characterization of SPINK2, SPACA7 and PDCL2: Effect of immunization on fecundity, sperm function and testicular transcriptome.

Testicular factors play a vital role in spermatogenesis. We characterized the functional role of rat Spink2, Spaca7 and Pdcl2 genes. Their primary, secondary and tertiary structure were deduced in silico.

Painful, irreducible inguinal swelling: A rare presentation of retroperitoneal venous malformation in a boy - A case report.

A 10-year-old boy presented at the Paediatric Emergency service of National Institute of Child Health in November 2019 with a painful and irreducible right inguinal swelling. Exploration revealed a reddish-blue tissue mass protruding through the deep ring extending into the base of the scortum. Further dissection showed the swelling to be in continuity with multifocal retroperitoneal vascular malformations scattered along the posterior and lateral abdominal wall.

Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma with leucocytosis.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma is a high-grade tumour with poor prognosis. Most of the cases are easily diagnosed on cytology and some of these are associated with increased neutrophils in cytology specimen as well as in the blood. The objective of the study is to determine the frequency of neutrophilia with fever in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Tlr1-13, Nod1/2 and antimicrobial gene expression in the epididymis and testis of rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as toll-like receptors (TLRs) and nuclear oligomerization domain (NOD) receptors along with antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPs) are crucial for innate immunity. The pathology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with the disrupted expression of TLRs, NODs and AMPs in the kidney, lungs and other organs. However, such a relation in the male reproductive tract is not yet investigated.