Diabetes mellitus, characterized as a chronic metabolic disorder or a polygenic syndrome; is increasing at a very fast pace among every group of the population worldwide. It arises due to the inability of the body to produce enough insulin (the hormone responsible for controlling blood sugar levels) or inability to utilize the insulin, leading to hyperglycaemic condition, which, if left uncontrolled gives rise to chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications like retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, coronary artery disease, cognitive impairment, etc. Several therapeutic approaches are available for the treatment of diabetes; among which dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-IV) inhibitors (gliptins) hold a significant place.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: This study aimed to assess the impact of routine histological examination of stapled colorectal anastomotic doughnuts in patients undergoing rectal cancer surgery (RCS). Justification of biopsy examination could form part of the strategies of NHS net zero practice with effort to reduce wastage and carbon footprint.
Method: A data analysis of all patients undergoing RCS during 2019-2021 at our institute was performed.
Mobile health (mHealth) interventions have emerged as a promising approach for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and management. The proliferation of smartphones and wearable devices enables convenient access to health monitoring tools, educational resources, and communication with healthcare providers. mHealth interventions encompass mobile apps, wearables, and telehealth services that empower users to monitor vital signs, adhere to medication, and adopt healthier lifestyles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast Cancer Res Treat
October 2024
Background: The purpose of this research was to examine the probability of ipsilateral breast cancer recurrence in individuals whose RT was delayed after the first chemotherapy and surgery.
Purpose: To analyze the effect of delaying RT for breast cancer patients (by more than 6 weeks after treatment).
Methodology: A retrospective analysis comprised 136 female breast cancer patients treated at the Baghdad Centre for Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine from 2021 to May 2022.
Background: Maternal and child healthcare service delivery in vulnerable and fragile health systems has suffered a tremendous impact owing to the shift in focus to curtail the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child healthcare services to inform policy advice for a more resilient maternal and child healthcare service delivery in Pakistan.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted.
Hyperkalaemia is a potentially fatal clinical problem frequently seen in the emergency department (ED). It causes a spectrum of electrocardiogram (ECG) changes such as peaked T-waves, prolonged PR interval, widened QRS complexes, intraventricular/fascicular/bundle branch blocks, etc. Brugada Phenocopy (BrP) is a rare ECG finding seen in severe hyperkalaemia associated with the prevalence of malignant cardiac arrhythmias and all-cause mortality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Considering the high maternal mortality rate, the government of Pakistan has deployed Community Midwives (CMWs) in rural areas of Pakistan. This relatively new cadre of community-based skilled birth attendants has previously reported to experience several challenges in providing maternal and child healthcare. However, what barriers they experience in providing basic emergency obstetric and newborn care needs to be further studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: This study aimed to characterize six early clusters of COVID-19 and derive key transmission parameters from confirmed cases that were traced between April and June 2020 in Bahrain.
Methods: Pairs of "infector-infectee" allowed us to map the clusters and estimate the incubation period serial interval as the secondary attack rate. The chi-squared test, with a -value computed using the Monte Carlo test, measured associations between categorical variables.
Purpose: Abdominoperineal resection (APR) remains a key procedure for the treatment of low rectal/anorectal cancers. However, perineal wound closure remains challenging, particularly in extralevator abdominoperineal resection (ELAPR) due to gapped tissue planes. Different approaches have been attempted to improve perineal wound repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes can lead to various acute clinical complications, although the occurrence of ophthalmic signs and symptoms is uncommon. Neovascular glaucoma (NG), a rare complication associated with diabetes mellitus, is one such condition. Additionally, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS) is a rare complication of intravitreal bevacizumab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLifestyle factors such as dietary habits, perceived weight, sleep, and physical activity worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through this study, we aimed to understand the impact of COVID-19 on these lifestyle factors in Bahrain. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1005 adult Bahrainis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Our objective was to determine the current availability of human resource at secondary care hospitals in Sindh province and to identify gaps in term of appropriate number of anaesthesiologists available for delivery of safe anaesthesia care.
Design: A cross-sectional survey of anaesthesia workforce.
Setting: All district and taluka hospitals in the Sindh province of Pakistan.
Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of early initiation of breast feeding and prelacteal feeding in highly disadvantaged districts in Pakistan.
Design: This cross-sectional study design.
Settings: This study was carried out in twelve districts of the Sindh province of Pakistan.
Introduction: The Serbian National Training Programme for minimally invasive colorectal surgery (LapSerb) was introduced to implement laparoscopic colorectal surgery across Serbia. The programme aimed to accelerate training of established colorectal surgeons through a competency-based programme. This involved knowledge assessment, workshops, live operating, and competency-based assessment of unedited videos.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEuroasian J Hepatogastroenterol
January 2022
Unlabelled: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has shattered the public health delivery system of most of the countries of the world. COVID-19 displays variable clinical presentations. The severe COVID-19 represents a fulminant pathological condition and most of the patients run a downhill course if extensive medical measures are not adopted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccelerated cell death 11 (ACD11) is an autoimmune gene that suppresses pathogen infection in plants by preventing plant cells from becoming infected by any pathogen. This gene is widely known for growth inhibition, premature leaf chlorosis, and defense-related programmed cell death (PCD) in seedlings before flowering in Arabidopsis plant. Specific amino acid changes in the ACD11 protein's highly conserved domains are linked to autoimmune symptoms including constitutive defensive responses and necrosis without pathogen awareness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to determine caregivers' perspectives on difficulties encountered while seeking care for adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD). It explored the social, emotional, and financial impact of caring for an adolescent with SCD on their caregivers.
Study Design: A mixed-method study in a major tertiary care hospital in Bahrain was conducted between June and August 2019.
Postoperative ileus (POI) has long been a challenging clinical problem for both patients and healthcare physicians alike. Although a standardized definition does not exist, it generally includes symptoms of intolerance to diet, lack of passing stool, abdominal distension, or flatus. Not only does prolonged POI increase patient discomfort and morbidity, but it is possibly the single most important factor that results in prolongation of the length of hospital stay with a significant deleterious effect on healthcare costs in surgical patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: COVID-19 pandemic forced educational institutions to adopt online methods which were inevitable to keep continuity of education across all academia after suspension of traditional educational systems. The aim of this study was to explore the experience of faculty and students of online and face-to-face learning, and their preference of the mode of learning after the pandemic.
Methods: This is a mixed-method study.