Histologic Assessment of Lumbosacral Transitional Vertebrae Pseudoarticulation as a Source of Pain in Bertolotti Syndrome.

Background: Bertolotti syndrome (BS) is characterized by chronic pain and functional impairment associated with lumbosacral transitional vertebrae (LSTVs). The study aimed to investigate the histologic characteristics of the pseudoarticulation between the enlarged transverse process and sacrum seen in Castellvi 2a LSTV and explore the involvement of nervous tissue in pain generation.

Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis using S100 protein staining was performed to assess the presence of nerve tissue.

Mhealth interventions to improve health and quality of life related outcomes for informal dementia caregivers: A scoping review.

Background: The devastating effects of dementia extend to the health and well-being of informal dementia caregivers. The physical and mental requirements of serving as a dementia caregiver are evidenced in the negative health effects that this population experiences. There is a present need for effective interventions to improve health and quality of life in informal dementia caregivers.