Bidirectional relationships between sleep quality and nicotine vaping: studying young adult e-cigarette users in real time and real life.

Introduction: It is important to understand the impact of vaping on biological processes such as sleep. To date this has only been examined using cross-sectional, retrospective surveys. This study addresses this knowledge gap by: 1) investigating bidirectional relationships between sleep quality and nicotine vaping based on real-time and real-life data; and 2) exploring how young adults think about sleep and vaping and their reactions to monitoring these constructs.

A four-compartment controller model of muscle fatigue for static and dynamic tasks.

Introduction: Compartment based models of muscle fatigue have been particularly successful in accurately modeling isometric (static) tasks or actions. However, dynamic actions, which make up most everyday movements, are governed by different central and peripheral processes, and must therefore be modeled in a manner accounting for the differences in the responsible mechanisms. In the literature, a three-component controller (3CC) muscle fatigue model (MFM) has been proposed and validated for static tasks.

Applied statistical methods for identifying features of heart rate that are associated with nicotine vaping.

Wearable devices have been increasingly adopted to collect physiological data such as heart rate that may infer momentary risk of substance use. Yet, innovative methods capable for handling these complex time series data as presented in the statistics or data science literature may not be accessible to substance use researchers. This study introduces a series of statistical methods to analyze heart rate data and identify features that are associated with nicotine vaping.

Efficacy and safety of brigatinib in patients with ALK TKI-naive advanced ALK+ NSCLC: Integrated analysis of the ALTA-1L and J-ALTA trials.

Objectives: Brigatinib approval as a first-line anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for advanced ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is supported by results of a non-Japanese global phase 3 trial (ALTA-1L) and a separate phase 2 trial conducted in Japan (J-ALTA). To evaluate outcomes in a larger global patient population, we conducted an integrated analysis of pooled efficacy and safety data from ALTA-1L and J-ALTA.

Materials And Methods: ALTA-1L (NCT02737501) and J-ALTA (NCT03410108) were open-label, multicenter studies of patients with advanced or metastatic ALK+ NSCLC.

Identification of the molecular characterization and tumor microenvironment of thoracic inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors.

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors (IMTs), rare soft tissue neoplasms, are characterized by a blend of myofibroblastic proliferation and inflammatory features. While generally characterized by slow growth, IMTs can exhibit locally aggressive behavior, and in rare instances, metastasize to distant sites. This study elucidated the clinical characteristics, molecular profile, and tumor microenvironment of thoracic IMTs.

Art of TIL immunotherapy: SITC's perspective on demystifying a complex treatment.

In a first for solid cancers, cellular immunotherapy has entered standard of care in the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma. The infusion of autologous tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes (TIL) is capable of mediating durable tumor regression and is now Food and Drug Administration-approved for patients with disease refractory to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Since the advent of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for patients with hematological malignancies, a growing network of centers capable of delivering effector T cell products to patients has developed.

Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group expert consensus statement on the peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer.

The peri-operative management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in earlier stage disease has seen significant advances in recent years with the incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy. However, many unanswered questions and challenges remain, including the application of clinical trial data to routine clinical practice. Recognising the unique demographic profile of Asian patients with NSCLC and heterogeneous healthcare systems, the Asian Thoracic Oncology Research Group (ATORG) convened a consensus meeting in Singapore on 26 April 2024 to discuss relevant issues spanning diagnostic testing to post-neoadjuvant treatment considerations and future directions.

Enhanced detection of actionable mutations in NSCLC through pleural effusion cell-free DNA sequencing: A prospective study.

Background: Inadequate tumour samples often hinder molecular testing in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Plasma-based cell-free DNA (cfDNA) sequencing has shown promise in bypassing these tissue limitations. Nevertheless, pleural effusion (PE) samples may offer a richer cfDNA source for mutation detection in patients with malignant PE.

Development of a Finite Element Model of the Human Wrist Joint With Radial and Ulnar Axial Force Distribution and Radiocarpal Contact Validation.

This study presents a comprehensive finite element (FE) model for the human wrist, constructed from a CT scan of a 68-year-old male (type 1 wrist). This model intricately captures the bone and soft tissue geometries to study the biomechanics of wrist axial loading through tendon-driven simulations and grasping biomechanics using metacarpal loads. Validation is carried out by assessing the radial and ulnar axial loading distribution, radiocarpal articulation contact patterns, and other standard finite element metrics.

Amivantamab Plus Lazertinib in Patients With EGFR-Mutant NSCLC After Progression on Osimertinib and Platinum-Based Chemotherapy: Results From CHRYSALIS-2 Cohort A.

Introduction: Treatment options for patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC with disease progression on or after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy are limited.

Methods: CHRYSALIS-2 cohort A evaluated amivantamab plus lazertinib in patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion- or L858R-mutated NSCLC with disease progression on or after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary end point was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).

Case report: hibernoma, a rare male breast mass.

Hibernomas are rare, benign neoplasms characterized by the presence of brown adipose tissue. Although these tumors may arise in any region of brown fat, they predominantly occur in the thigh, shoulder, back, and neck. Hibernomas are rarely found in mammary tissue, with a higher prevalence in females than males.

Simultaneous Prediction of Multiple Unmeasured Muscle Activations Through Synergy Extrapolation.

Estimating muscle forces is crucial for understanding joint dynamics and improving rehabilitation strategies, particularly for patients with neurological disorders who suffer from impaired muscle function. Muscle forces are directly proportional to muscle activations, which can be obtained using electromyography (EMG). EMG-driven modeling estimates muscle forces and joint moments from muscle activations.

Atezolizumab, bevacizumab, pemetrexed and platinum for EGFR-mutant NSCLC patients after EGFR TKI failure: A phase II study with immune cell profile analysis.

Background: Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) remains a significant hurdle for patients with EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly those lacking the EGFR. IMpower 150 study demonstrated promising efficacy for a combination of immune-chemotherapy and bevacizumab in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC.

Methods: This open-label, single-arm, phase II trial evaluated the efficacy and immune cell profile of the modified regimen combining atezolizumab, bevacizumab (7.

Recovery Residences Are an Innovative Site for HIV Prevention Interventions Targeting People Who Inject Drugs: Preliminary Data From Project HOMES.

Of 1.2 million Americans who would benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), only 36% were prescribed PrEP in 2023. Project HOMES is an ongoing study that evaluates recovery residences for individuals in medication-assisted recovery from opioid use disorder across five Texas cities.

Sunvozertinib monotherapy in EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-resistant non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations.

Background: Multiple agents can be used to treat patients with EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who develop resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), but the clinical outcome was not satisfactory, especially in patients with multiple lines of prior therapies. Therefore, there is an unmet medical need for these patients. Sunvozertinib is an oral, potent, irreversible, and mutant-selective EGFR TKI targeting EGFR mutations with weak activity against wild-type EGFR.

Optimization-based two-dimensional symmetric tossing motion prediction and validation.

Human motion has been analyzed for decades based on experimentally collected subject data, serving various purposes, from enhancing athletic performance to assisting patients' recovery in rehabilitation and many individuals can benefit significantly from study advancements. Human motion prediction, is a more challenging task because no experimental data are available in advance, particularly concerning repetitive tasks, such as box lifting and tossing, to prevent injury risks. Tossing, a common task in various industries, involves the simultaneous vertical and horizontal movement of objects but often results in bodily strain.

miR-574-5p in epigenetic regulation and Toll-like receptor signaling.

miR-574-5p is an unusual microRNA (miRNA) that is often upregulated or downregulated following exposure to irradiation or toxic chemicals; bacterial, parasitic or viral infection; and a variety of other disease conditions. Canonically, miR-574-5p epigenetically regulates the expression of many messenger RNAs (mRNAs) through miRNA-mediated posttranscriptional regulation, thereby affecting cellular physiology or pathophysiology and contributing to the pathogenesis or progression of a variety of diseases. However, recent studies have established that in addition to serving as a fine-tuning repressor of gene expression, miR-574-5p also stimulates gene expression as an endogenous ligand for Toll-like receptor-8/7 (TLR8/7).

The Phase 3 KEYLYNK-006 Study of Pembrolizumab Plus Olaparib Versus Pembrolizumab Plus Pemetrexed as Maintenance Therapy for Metastatic Nonsquamous NSCLC.

Introduction: Poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) inhibitors, including olaparib, upregulate programmed cell death ligand 1, which may increase the efficacy of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 therapies.

Methods: In the phase 3 KEYLYNK-006 trial (NCT03976323), eligible adults with previously untreated metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC without targetable genetic alterations who had complete response, partial response, or stable disease after induction therapy with four cycles of pembrolizumab 200 mg every three weeks, pemetrexed 500 mg/m, and carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve 5 mg/mL/min or cisplatin 75 mg/m were randomized in a one-to-one ratio to olaparib 300 mg orally twice daily or pemetrexed every three weeks, both given with up to 31 cycles of pembrolizumab every three weeks. Dual primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).

A longitudinal study of the association between e-cigarette use contexts and alcohol use problems among college students.

Previous studies had explored the associations between e-cigarette use and alcohol use problems, yet they did not fully consider e-cigarette use contexts. This longitudinal study conducted a prospective examination of e-cigarette use contexts and alcohol use problems among college students. College e-cigarette users at three public universities from Fall 2019 to Fall 2020 were included ( = 377).

Expansion and evaluation of level II and III recovery residences for people taking medications for an opioid use disorder: project HOMES (Housing for MAR Expanded Services) study protocol.

Introduction: As the US continues to battle the opioid epidemic, recovery residences remain valuable services for people in recovery. While there is a growing body of literature describing positive outcomes experienced by people who live in recovery residences, little is known about the experience of people who live in these residences while taking medications for an opioid use disorder (MOUD) as part of their recovery. Thus, this study has three aims: (1) expand the availability of recovery residences that meet the National Alliance for Recovery Residences standards in Texas and serve individuals taking medications for an opioid use disorder as part of their recovery; (2) evaluate recovery residences for people taking MOUD as part of their recovery; and (3) compare the cost-effectiveness of recovery residences to treatment-as-usual.