Childhood Injuries Due to Hay-Hole Falls: A 19-Year Experience at a Rural Pediatric Trauma Center.

Objective: Children who live, work, and play on farms with barn design that includes hay-holes are at risk for a particular type of fall. This study retrospectively reviews all children admitted to a pediatric trauma center with injuries due to fall through a hay-hole over a 19-year period. This study is the first to specifically describe hay-hole fall injuries.

Surfactant administration by transient intubation in infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome decreases the likelihood of later mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess, among premature infants with early respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), the effect of one dose of intratracheally administered surfactant followed by extubation to nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) on subsequent mechanical ventilation (MV), when compared with NCPAP alone.

Study Design: Randomized, blinded trial in infants 29 to 35 weeks' gestation with mild-to-moderate RDS requiring supplemental oxygen and NCPAP. Infants were randomized to intubation, surfactant treatment, and immediate extubation (surfactant group N=52), or to no intervention (control group N=53).

Pressure-regulated volume control ventilation vs synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation for very low-birth-weight infants: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that pressure-regulated volume control (PRVC), an assist/control mode of ventilation, would increase the proportion of very low-birth-weight infants who were alive and extubated at 14 days of age as compared with synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV).

Study Design: Ventilated infants with birth weight of 500 to 1249 g were randomized at less than 6 hours of age either to pressure-limited SIMV or to PRVC on the Servo 300 ventilator (Siemens Electromedical Group, Danvers, Mass). Infants received their assigned mode of ventilation until extubation, death, or meeting predetermined failure criteria.

Effect of dexamethasone therapy on serum vitamin E concentrations in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Objective: To investigate the effect of dexamethasone therapy on serum vitamin E concentrations in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Study Design: A total of 10, 24 to 29 weeks' gestational age, infants enrolled in a prospective study designed to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone on lipid intolerance were eligible for the study. Eight of these 10 infants had serum vitamin E concentrations measured simultaneously with serum triglyceride concentrations before the start of dexamethasone therapy (baseline) and within 5 days of the initiation of dexamethasone therapy.

Epidemiology of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis: a population-based study.

We examined the birthweight-, gender- and race-specific incidence as well as the biodemographic and clinical correlates of necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) in a well-defined six-county perinatal region in upstate New York. We conducted a retrospective, 8-year population-based survey to identify all cases of proven NEC (modified Bell stage II and above) in the area's regional neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The denominator used to calculate the incidence was obtained from the Statewide Planning Research Cooperative System.