Can ten days of heat acclimation training improve temperate-condition rowing performance in national-level rowers?

This study investigated whether heat acclimation (HA) could improve rowing performance in temperate conditions in national-level rowers. Using a parallel-group design, eleven rowers (3 female, 8 male, age: 21±3 years, height: 182.3±6.

Hot water immersion; potential to improve intermittent running performance and perception of in-game running ability in semi-professional Australian Rules Footballers?

This study investigated whether hot water immersion (HWI) could heat acclimate athletes and improve intermittent running performance and perception of in-game running ability, during a competitive Australian Rules Football (ARF) season. Fifteen male semi-professional ARF athletes (Mean (SD); age: 22 (3) years, height: 182.3 (6.

A preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of heart rate variability biofeedback on heart rate variability and respiration of athletes.

To date, there is no quantitative review examining the influence of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on the athlete population. Such an undertaking may provide valuable information on the autonomic and respiration responses of athletes when performing HRV BFB. Thus, purpose of this preliminary systematic review and meta-analysis on the effects of HRV BFB on HRV and respiration of athletes.

Effect of Acute Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback on H-reflex Modulation: A Pilot Study.

Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) is paced breathing scheme that stimulates resonance in the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a single-session HRV BFB on Hoffman reflex (H-reflex) of the soleus muscle. Twelve healthy males (height: 173.

Compression Socks Reduce Running-Induced Intestinal Damage.

Zadow, EK, Edwards, KH, Kitic, CM, Fell, JW, Adams, MJ, Singh, I, Kundur, A, Johnstone, ANB, Crilly, J, Bulmer, AC, Halson, SL, and, and Wu, SSX. Compression socks reduce running-induced intestinal damage. J Strength Cond Res 36(9): 2461-2464, 2022-Exercise is associated with a reduction in splanchnic blood flow that leads to the disruption of intestinal epithelium integrity, contributing to exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome.

Can Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback Improve Athletic Performance? A Systematic Review.

This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effect of heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV BFB) on performance of athletes. Six electronic databases (Springerlink, SportDiscus, Web of Science, PROQUEST Academic Research Library, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect) and article references were searched. Eligibility criteria were: 1.

Acute Physical Exercise Can Influence the Accuracy of Metacognitive Judgments.

Acute exercise generally benefits memory but little research has examined how exercise affects metacognition (knowledge of memory performance). We show that a single bout of exercise can influence metacognition in paired-associate learning. Participants completed 30-min of moderate-intensity exercise before or after studying a series of word pairs (cloud-ivory), and completed cued-recall (cloud-?; Experiments 1 & 2) and recognition memory tests (cloud-? spoon; ivory; drill; choir; Experiment 2).

The effect of an ultra-endurance running race on heart rate variability.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an ultra-marathon on heart rate variability (HRV) and psychometric indices in endurance runners. In addition, we aimed to determine the magnitude of change and subsequent recovery for 7 days following the race.

Methods: Recreationally trained runners (n = 13 (8M); age = 36.

Deep vein thrombosis in a well-trained masters cyclist, is popliteal vein entrapment syndrome to blame?

Whilst athletes are the epitome of health, venous thromboembolisms (VTE) including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism have been demonstrated to occur in well-trained athletes. VTE is frequently misdiagnosed and poorly treated within this population, often resulting in career or life-threatening ramifications. Furthermore, VTE risk rises with increasing age (> 40 years), potentially affecting masters athletes.

Wearing compression socks during exercise aids subsequent performance.

Objectives: To assess the effect of wearing compression socks on immediate and subsequent 5km running time trials, with particular attention to the influences on physiological, perceptual and performance-based parameters.

Design: Counter-balanced cross-over experiment.

Methods: Twelve male runners (mean±SD 5km run time 19:29±1:18min:s) each completed two experimental sessions.

Shoulder extension strength: a potential risk factor for shoulder pain in young swimmers?

Objectives: To determine the relationship and predictive value of isometric shoulder strength in the development of shoulder pain in young swimmers.

Design: Prospective, cohort study.

Methods: Shoulder flexion, extension, external and internal rotation strength tests were performed in elevation on 85 swimmers (14-20 years; 48 females) without current shoulder pain using a hand-held dynamometer.

Central-to-brachial blood pressure amplification in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Due to systolic blood pressure (SBP) amplification, brachial SBP may not accurately reflect central SBP, the pressure the organs are exposed to. Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have vascular irregularities that may affect blood pressure (BP) amplification and central BP indices (i.e.

Acquired and Genetic Thrombotic Risk Factors in the Athlete.

While athletes are often considered the epitome of health due to their physique and lowered potential for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, they may also be at risk for the onset and development of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In an attempt to achieve and remain competitive, athletes are frequently exposed to numerous athlete-specific risk factors, which may predispose them to VTE through the disruption of factors associated with Virchow's triad (i.e.

Intestinal damage following short-duration exercise at the same relative intensity is similar in temperate and hot environments.

Increasing temperature and exercise disrupt tight junctions of the gastrointestinal tract although the contribution of environmental temperature to intestinal damage when exercising is unknown. This study investigated the effect of 2 different environmental temperatures on intestinal damage when exercising at the same relative intensity. Twelve men (mean ± SD; body mass, 81.

Time of day and short-duration high-intensity exercise influences on coagulation and fibrinolysis.

Exercise has been demonstrated to have considerable effects upon haemostasis, with activation dependent upon the duration and intensity of the exercise bout. In addition, markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis have been shown to possess circadian rhythms, peaking within the morning (0600-1200 h). Therefore, the time of day in which exercise is performed may influence the activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems.

Scapular upward rotation position is symmetrical in swimmers without current shoulder pain.

Objectives: A history of shoulder pain is common in swimmers and may influence scapular position, possibly increasing the risk of shoulder pain recurring. The aim of this study was to establish and compare bilateral static measures of scapular upward rotation in swimmers (14-20 years), some with a history of shoulder pain but all currently pain free, in two different elevated positions of shoulder abduction.

Design: Cross-sectional, observational study.

Low FODMAP: A Preliminary Strategy to Reduce Gastrointestinal Distress in Athletes.

Introduction: Gastrointestinal (GI) distress in endurance athletes is prevalent and detrimental to performance. Adverse GI symptomatology can be analogous with irritable bowel syndrome, where fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyols (FODMAP) reduction has demonstrated efficacy. This study investigated the effects of low FODMAP (LFOD) diet on GI distress parameters in runners with a history of nonclinical exercise-associated GI symptoms.

Isometric shoulder strength in young swimmers.

Objectives: The prevalence of shoulder pain in young swimmers is high. Shoulder rotation strength and the ratio of internal to external rotation strength have been reported as potential modifiable risk factors associated with shoulder pain. However, relative strength measures in elevated positions, which include flexion and extension, have not been established for the young swimmer.

Reliability of Power Settings of the Wahoo KICKR Power Trainer After 60 Hours of Use.

Purpose: To assess the reliability of power-output measurements of a Wahoo KICKR Power Trainer (KICKR) on 2 separate occasions separated by 14 mo of regular use (∼1 h/wk).

Methods: Using the KICKR to set power outputs, powers of 100-600 W in increments of 50 W were assessed at cadences of 80, 90, and 100 rpm that were controlled and validated by a dynamic calibration rig.

Results: A small ratio bias of 1.

Combined Carbohydrate and Protein Ingestion During Australian Rules Football Matches and Training Sessions Does Not Reduce Fatigue or Accelerate Recovery Throughout a Weeklong Junior Tournament.

Lee, NA, Fell, JW, Pitchford, NW, Hall, AH, Leveritt, MD, and Kitic, CM. Combined carbohydrate and protein ingestion during Australian rules football matches and training sessions does not reduce fatigue or accelerate recovery throughout a weeklong junior tournament. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 344-355, 2018-Australian rules football (ARF) is a physically demanding sport that can induce high levels of fatigue.

Does Short-Duration Heat Exposure at a Matched Cardiovascular Intensity Improve Intermittent-Running Performance in a Cool Environment?

Purpose: To investigate whether a 5-d cycling training block in the heat (35°C) in Australian Rules footballers was superior to exercising at the same relative intensity in cool conditions (15°C) for improving intermittent-running performance in a cool environment (<18°C).

Methods: Using a parallel-group design, 12 semiprofessional football players performed 5 d of cycling exercise (70% heart-rate reserve [HRR] for 45 min [5 × 50-min sessions in total]) in a hot (HEAT, 35°C ± 1°C, 56% ± 9% RH) or cool environment (COOL, 15°C ± 3°C, 81% ± 10% RH). A 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test to assess intermittent running performance (V) was conducted in a cool environment (17°C ± 2°C, 58 ± 5% RH) before and twice after (1 and 3 d) the intervention.

Effect of Compression Socks Worn Between Repeated Maximal Running Bouts.

Purpose: To determine the effect of wearing compression socks between repeated running bouts on perceptual, physiological, and performance-based parameters.

Methods: Twelve well-trained male runners (mean ± SD 5-km time 19:24 ± 1:19 [min:s]) recorded their perceptions of the efficacy of compression socks for recovery before completion of 2 experimental sessions. Each session consisted of two 5-km running time trials (TT1 and TT2) on a treadmill, with a 1-h recovery period between.

Commercial Hype Versus Reality: Our Current Scientific Understanding of Gluten and Athletic Performance.

Recent explosion in the prevalence of gluten-free athletes, exacerbated by unsubstantiated commercial health claims, has led to some professional athletes touting gluten-free diet as the secret to their success. Forty-one percent of athletes report adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD), which is four-fold higher than the population-based clinical requirements. Many nonceliac athletes believe that gluten avoidance improves gastrointestinal well-being, reduces inflammation, and provides an ergogenic edge, despite the fact that limited data yet exist to support any of these benefits.