Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
September 2024
Purpose: To use neural network machine learning (ML) models to identify the most relevant ocular biomarkers for the diagnosis of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
Methods: Neural network models, also known as multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs), were trained on a prospectively collected observational dataset comprised of 93 glaucoma patients confirmed by a glaucoma specialist and 113 control subjects. The base model used only intraocular pressure, blood pressure, heart rate, and visual field (VF) parameters to diagnose glaucoma.
Background: Preclinical technical feasibility study of robot-assisted microinvasive glaucoma surgery using a novel ophthalmic robot-assisted surgery system.
Methods: Feasibility was assessed in synthetic eye models in two stages: Stage I, nonimplantable robot-assisted goniotomy; and Stage II, robot-assisted stent implantation using a trabecular bypass stent. Robot-assisted interventions were subsequently compared to the manual approach.
Introduction: Monitoring menthol cigarette use allows for identification of potential health disparities. We examined sociodemographic and temporal differences in menthol cigarette use among US adults who smoke.
Methods: We analyzed data from the 1999-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for adults aged 20 years or older who smoke (N = 11,431) using binary logistic regression.
Purpose: To report a novel protocol for diagnosis of retinal artery occlusions at the point of care using OCT and a remote consult model.
Design: Retrospective case series and evaluation of a diagnostic test or technology.
Participants: Adult patients who presented with painless monocular vision loss and were diagnosed with a nonarteritic retinal artery occlusion.
Purpose: To identify temporal and geographic trends in private equity (PE)-backed acquisitions of ophthalmology and optometry practices in the United States from 2012 to 2021.
Methods: In this cross-sectional time series, acquisition data from 10/21/2019 to 9/1/2021 and previously published data from 1/1/2012 to 10/20/2019 were analyzed. Acquisition data were compiled from 6 financial databases, 5 industry news outlets, and publicly available press releases.
J Gastrointest Oncol
February 2023
Background: Perianal basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is very rare and estimated to account for 0.08% of all BCC and 0.02% of all anorectal neoplasms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe objective of this study was to examine long-term trends in serum cotinine (COT) concentrations, as a measure of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, in U.S. nonsmokers using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) from 2003 to 2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Secondhand smoke and secondhand aerosol exposure are important public health concerns. This is the first study to present separate estimates of public indoor and outdoor secondhand smoke and secondhand aerosol exposure among U.S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: State-level monitoring of changes in tobacco product use can inform tobacco control policy and practice. This study examines the state-specific prevalence of current cigarette smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and E-cigarette use and related cigarette quitting behaviors among E-cigarette users during 2017-2018.
Methods: Data from the 2017 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were used to assess state-specific current use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and E-cigarettes among adults aged ≥18 years.
Glaucoma is a multifactorial progressive and degenerative optic neuropathy representing one of the world's leading cause of irreversible blindness. Currently, reduction of intraocular pressure remains the only universally approved therapy, yet a wealth of studies has identified significant vascular contributions to the disease process in certain individuals. Population-based studies have identified important racial disparities and differential risk factors in glaucoma prevalence, incidence, and progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: The impact of defining secondhand smoke exposure among nonsmokers using an expanded serum cotinine range is currently unknown.
Methods: This study assessed the trends in secondhand smoke exposure prevalence among a nationally representative sample of 23,753 U.S.
Importance: Many cancer subtypes, including KIT-mutant gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), are driven by activating mutations in tyrosine kinases and may initially respond to kinase inhibitors but frequently relapse owing to outgrowth of heterogeneous subclones with resistance mutations. KIT inhibitors commonly used to treat GIST (eg, imatinib and sunitinib) are inactive-state (type II) inhibitors.
Objective: To assess whether combining a type II KIT inhibitor with a conformation-complementary, active-state (type I) KIT inhibitor is associated with broad mutation coverage and global disease control.
Precis: We retrospectively reviewed records of patients prescribed latanoprostene bunod 0.024% (LBN) to assess its efficacy and safety in a real-world clinical setting. LBN was efficacious in lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) and had a favorable safety profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNCHS Data Brief
February 2021
Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure results when smoke from burning tobacco products is inhaled by nonsmokers (1,2). Acute respiratory effects, coronary heart disease, stroke, lung cancer, and premature death are associated with SHS exposure (2,3). There is no risk-free level of SHS exposure (1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWhile sustained reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) has been shown to halt and/or delay the progressive death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma, there exists great interest in the development and validation of IOP-independent therapeutic strategies for neuroprotection and/or neuroregeneration. Multiple etiologies for RGC death have been implicated in glaucoma including defective axonal transport, ischemia, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, trophic factor withdrawal, and loss of RGC electrical activity. However, IOP lowering with medical, laser, and surgical therapies is itself neuroprotective, and investigators are seeking to identify agents that are able to confer neuroprotection independent of IOP reduction, as well as providing for regeneration of nonviable RGCs and their axons to restore and/or maintain functional vision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The emergence of microinvasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS) has expanded glaucoma management options. Resident experience with these novel procedures is unclear as no residency minimums exist for them, nor are they part of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) procedure logs. The purpose of this study was to assess resident experience with MIGS in ACGME ophthalmology residency programs across the United States.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To discuss the effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 betacoronavirus on ambulatory ophthalmology practices, the value proposition of telemedicine, teleophthalmology implementation methodologies, and the accelerated future of telemedicine.
Design: Review of the current telehealth landscape including usage, policies, and techniques for ambulatory practice integration.
Methods: We provide author-initiated review of recent trends in telehealth, governmental recommendations for health care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic, and a PubMed Central query for telemedicine in ophthalmology or teleophthalmology.
Unlabelled: PRE[COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT]CIS:: Cortical response to low-contrast stimuli, as measured by isolated-check visual evoked potential (icVEP) technology, has the potential to provide functional assessment that may complement standard achromatic perimetry in assessing glaucomatous change.
Purpose: To evaluate the utility of modified icVEP testing in detecting functional glaucomatous damage.
Materials And Methods: Subjects who met predetermined criteria of controls, glaucoma suspects, preperimetric glaucoma, or glaucoma were enrolled in this prospective cross-sectional study from a single tertiary care center.