Desired image of power, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol-related aggression.

Three hundred thirty-nine college students were surveyed regarding their usual drinking behavior, alcohol expectancies, desired identity of power, and experience with alcohol-related violence. Eight percent indicated having been in a fight in a bar, and 16% indicated having been in a fight while drinking in the previous year. Male heavy drinkers were more likely than female heavy drinkers to experience alcohol-related and bar violence.

Impression Management Effects in the Forced Compliance Situation.

Two forced compliance studies were conducted in which the S's expectations regarding the situational appropriateness of his behavior were manipulated. In the first study (N = 36 female undergraduates) E indicated agreement or disagreement with the S's counterattitudinal essay or else did not give an opinion. Although attitude change occurred in the Agree and No Feedback groups, there was none in the Disagree condition.

A Test of Stimulus-Response Versus a Power-Oriented Cognitive Theory of Interpersonal Attraction.

A basic postulate of reinforcement theories of attraction is that association of reward with a neutral stimulus person induces liking. The strongest support for this association principle is a study by Griffitt and Guay in which Ss' liking for an evaluator and a third party observer was directly related to the positive or negative nature of the evaluations. An alternative interpretation of these results is that actors like persons who perceive them as competent, because such esteem serves as a power base for future influence.

First Impressions and Expectancies.

It was hypothesized that (a) impressions of a stranger as bad and potent would result in greater expectation of harm and less expectation of benefits than good and impotent impressions, and (b) disconfirmation of these expectations would result in changes in level of expressed attractiveness. Forty female introductory psychology students participated in an initial investigation, and 20 male introductory psychology students participated in a second study: both were impression formation tasks using a semantic differential instrument in which Ss were asked to estimate in percent the probability of receiving either benefits (extra experimental credit points) or harm (electrical shock). The hypotheses were supported at P < .