Phytochemicals to optimize cognitive function for military mission-readiness: a systematic review and recommendations for the field.

Context: Optimizing cognitive performance and preventing cognitive impairments that result from exposure to high-stress situations are important to ensure mission-readiness for military personnel.

Objective: This systematic review assesses the quality of the evidence for plant-based foods and beverages, or their phytochemical constituents, across various outcomes related to cognitive function in healthy adult populations to develop research recommendations for the military.

Data Sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched.

Understanding North American yoga therapists' attitudes, skills and use of evidence-based practice: A cross-national survey.

Introduction: Little is known about the adoption of evidence-based practice (EBP) by yoga therapists (YTs).

Objective: To determine the attitudes, skills, training, use, barriers and facilitators to the use of EBP amongst North American YTs DESIGN: Cross-sectional, descriptive survey METHODS: Self-identified YTs practicing in North America were invited to participate in an online survey. YT attitudes, skills, training, utilisation, barriers to use, and facilitators of EBP use were measured using the 84-item Evidence-Based practice Attitude and utilization SurvEy (EBASE).

The North American yoga therapy workforce survey.

Objective: To describe the personal, professional, practice, service and consumer characteristics of the North American yoga therapy workforce.

Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive survey developed and informed by the contemporary workforce literature. A link to the e-survey was distributed to members of the International Association of Yoga Therapists.

Attitudes, skill and use of evidence-based practice among US Western herbal medicine providers: a national survey.

Background Evidence-based practice (EBP) has been the focus of increasing attention in the teaching and delivery of both complementary and conventional healthcare. Western herbal medicine (WHM) is a system of complementary healthcare rooted in tradition. How WHM practitioners perceive, are prepared for, and use EBP, has to date been largely ignored.

Context Effects in Western Herbal Medicine: Fundamental to Effectiveness?

Western herbal medicine (WHM) is a complex healthcare system that uses traditional plant-based medicines in patient care. Typical preparations are individualized polyherbal formulae that, unlike herbal pills, retain the odor and taste of whole herbs. Qualitative studies in WHM show patient-practitioner relationships to be collaborative.

History of the Tinnitus Research Consortium.

This article describes the creation and accomplishments of the Tinnitus Research Consortium (TRC), founded and supported through philanthropy and intended to enrich the field of tinnitus research. Bringing together a group of distinguished auditory researchers, most of whom were not involved in tinnitus research, over the fifteen years of its life it developed novel research approaches and recruited a number of new investigators into the field. The purpose of this special issue is to highlight some of the significant accomplishments of the investigators supported by the TRC.

Strategies and accomplishments of the Tinnitus Research Consortium.

The Tinnitus Research Consortium (TRC) is sponsored by a philanthropist who wants to accelerate progress in basic and clinical research on tinnitus. The TRC consists of 12 distinguished auditory scientists who began meeting in 1998 twice a year for brainstorming for new research approaches to tinnitus, developing requests for applications, judging the scientific merit of the applications received and reviewing the progress of funded projects. Through these efforts, common confounding variables in tinnitus research have been identified, and solutions to these problems have been suggested.

Short-term study on the effects of rosemary on cognitive function in an elderly population.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) has traditional reputations that justify investigation for a potential role in reducing widespread cognitive decline in the elderly. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, repeated-measures crossover study was conducted to investigate possible acute effects of dried rosemary leaf powder on cognitive performance.

Strategies of the Tinnitus Research Consortium.

Conclusions: Research supported by private philanthropy complements governmental support of research, and its organization can undertake analysis of the whole field, identify the initial steps required to advance the field, draw attention to the intellectual challenge of a field such as tinnitus, recruit scientists to a neglected area, direct support to the most promising research approaches and opportunities, and dedicate support to those endeavors.

Objectives: The efforts of the Tinnitus Research Consortium (TRC) are to accelerate progress in basic and clinical research on tinnitus.

Methods: The TRC analyzes the field of tinnitus research, brainstorms for new research approaches to tinnitus and provides guidance to the scientific community through requests for applications (RFAs) on promising research approaches and opportunities.

Progress in the prevention of otitis media through immunization.

Objective: To review the progress that has been made in developing effective vaccines against the major bacterial pathogens responsible for acute otitis media.

Data Source: Review of the literature with the aid of the MEDLINE database using the search terms otitis media and otitis media and vaccine.

Data Extraction: Data were collected from clinical trials and laboratory studies.