The Planetary Benefit of Suspending USMLE Step 2 CS: Estimating Carbon Emissions Associated with US Medical Students' Travel to Testing Centers.

: The discontinuation of the Step 2 Clinical Skills Exam (CS) by the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) eliminated the need for personal travel to testing centers. The carbon emissions associated with CS have not been previously quantified. : To estimate the annual carbon emissions generated by travel to CS Testing Centers (CSTCs) and to explore differences across geographic regions.

Management of Muscle Relaxation With Rocuronium and Reversal With Neostigmine or Sugammadex Guided by Quantitative Neuromuscular Monitoring.

Background: The optimal pharmacological reversal strategy for neuromuscular blockade remains undefined even in the setting of strong recommendations for quantitative neuromuscular monitoring by several national and international anesthesiology societies. We evaluated a protocol for managing rocuronium blockade and reversal, using quantitative monitoring to guide choice of reversal agent and to confirm full reversal before extubation.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study and enrolled 200 patients scheduled for elective surgery involving the intraoperative use of rocuronium.

Globalization of : A Continent, Country, and State-Level Analysis of Publications.

Unlabelled: Over the past decade, there has been a worldwide increase in plastic and reconstructive surgery research as well as increased interest in global collaboration. However, little is known about who is contributing to this global expansion or the trends of individual countries. The aim of our study was to analyze the output of ) over a decade to elucidate trends in the plastic surgery field.

Perceptions of the Private Sector for Creating Effective Public-Private Partnerships against Tuberculosis in Metro Manila, Philippines.

This article's goal is to assess the perspectives of private providers on current and future public-private engagement in Metro Manila, a city of 13 million using semistructured interviews with a convenience sample of 18 private physicians. Our study found that private providers perceived their clientele as loyal and their services as distinct from public services, with unique attractions of convenience and quality of service. They saw value in engaging with the public sector for knowledge exchange, access to public-sector commodities, and access to public sector assistance with public health tasks related to tuberculosis (TB).