Pairing cellular and synaptic dynamics into building blocks of rhythmic neural circuits. A tutorial.

In this study we focus on two subnetworks common in the circuitry of swim central pattern generators (CPGs) in the sea slugs, and and show that they are independently capable of stably producing emergent network bursting. This observation raises the question of whether the coordination of redundant bursting mechanisms plays a role in the generation of rhythm and its regulation in the given swim CPGs. To address this question, we investigate two pairwise rhythm-generating networks and examine the properties of their fundamental components: cellular and synaptic, which are crucial for proper network assembly and its stable function.

Measuring chaos in the Lorenz and Rössler models: Fidelity tests for reservoir computing.

This study focuses on the qualitative and quantitative characterization of chaotic systems with the use of a symbolic description. We consider two famous systems, Lorenz and Rössler models with their iconic attractors, and demonstrate that with adequately chosen symbolic partition, three measures of complexity, such as the Shannon source entropy, the Lempel-Ziv complexity, and the Markov transition matrix, work remarkably well for characterizing the degree of chaoticity and precise detecting stability windows in the parameter space. The second message of this study is to showcase the utility of symbolic dynamics with the introduction of a fidelity test for reservoir computing for simulating the properties of the chaos in both models' replicas.

Beyond heuristics: CFD-based novel multiparameter scale-up for geometrically disparate bioreactors demonstrated at industrial 2kL-10kL scales.

The timely delivery of the most up-to-date medicines and drug products is essential for patients throughout the world. Successful scaling of the bioreactors used within the biopharmaceutical industry plays a large part in the quality and time to market of these products. Scale and topology differences between vessels add a large degree of complication and uncertainty within the scaling process.

Professional medical associations and their relationships with industry: a proposal for controlling conflict of interest.

Professional medical associations (PMAs) play an essential role in defining and advancing health care standards. Their conferences, continuing medical education courses, practice guidelines, definitions of ethical norms, and public advocacy positions carry great weight with physicians and the public. Because many PMAs receive extensive funding from pharmaceutical and device companies, it is crucial that their guidelines manage both real and perceived conflict of interests.

Selected characteristics and data of psychiatrists in the United States, 2001-2002.

Objective: To provide basic data about the physician workforce as a whole and the relative place of psychiatrists in the total workforce. To provide data on characteristics of psychiatrists' work activities in routine psychiatric practice.

Method: Data were obtained from the American Medical Association's (AMA) Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the United States, 2002-2003 and the 2002 National Survey of Psychiatric Practice, a nationally representative survey of 2,000 randomly selected psychiatrists in the United States.

Achieving board certification in psychiatry: a cohort study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to track the progress of a cohort of graduates of psychiatry residency training programs in achieving certification by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN). These data provide a detailed picture of how recent graduates perform on the ABPN's examinations.

Method: The subjects for this study were the 739 new candidates who sat for the part I examination in fall 1994.